Explain the characteristics of, and differences between, the two types of bacterial toxins (Endotoxins and Exotoxins)....

Explain the characteristics of, and differences between, the two types of bacterial toxins (Endotoxins and Exotoxins). Include details of their properties, modes of action on the host, and provide an example of each type of toxin.

Expert Solution

Endotoxins	Exotoxins
They are lipoolysaccharides	They are proteins
They are produced by gram negative bacteria	They are produced by gram positive bacteria
They are attached to the bacterial cell wall	These are released to external medium
They can resist heat , so they are heat stable.	They are destroyed in the presence of heat.
They are non specific action	They are specific in action
There are no vaccines for endotoxins	Vaccines are available .
They are less toxic compared to exotoxins	They are highly toxic

examples of endotoxins - Toxins produced by E.coli, Salmonella , Shigella , Vibrio cholera.

Examples of exotoxins - Toxins produced by Staphylococcus, Bacillus , Streptococcus pyogenes

Endo toxins can cause fever and inflammation on the host body , if more amount of toxins present leads to death of that individuals . These are normally moderately toxic .

exotoxins are very harmful , it can cause cells destruction and effect the normal cellular metabolism . They are highly lethal to the host. certain exotoxins can inhibit protein synthesis and leads to the death of cells .

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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