Question

1. how many copies of each gene does a human cell have at the end of G1 of the cell cycle?

2. how many copies of each gene does a human cell have at the end of G2 of the cell cycle?

3. how many copies of each gene does a human cell have at the end of prophase of the cell cycle?

4. how many copies of each gene does a human cell have at the end of metaphase of the cell cycle?

5. how many copies of each gene does a human cell have at the end of cytokinesis of the cell cycle?

6.what is the goal or objective of mitosis?

Answer 1

The mitosis is the process of cell division where a mother cell is divided into two daughter cells. It is divided into four phases which are G1, G2, S and M pahse followed by cytokinesis. First three are preparation phases in which genetic content is doubled in S phase, mitosis occurs in M phase where chrosomosal division takes place and in cytokinesis the cell division takes place.

1. Two copies of each gene

2. Two copies of each gene

3. Four copies of each gene as the cell has doubled its genetic content in S phase hence in phophase it will have 4n number of chromosomes.

4. Metaphase will also have four copies of each gene as the cell division is not completed yet though genetic content has started dividing.

5. Two copies of each gene as the mother cell has been divided into two daughter cells and genetic content has also been divided.

6. Mitosis is the process of somatic cell division where each cell replicates its genome and genome is precisely distributed evenly in daughter cells. The purpose of mitosis is growth of tissues and repair replacement of worn torn tissues cells. Hence for somatic cell division mitosis occurs which divides each mother cell into two while maintaining the genetic content.