Question

1. which antibiotics would you prescribed to a patient for a bacterial

infection caused by Ecoli _   _   _   _ _  _       and Staph               -'------------ and·why?

Answer 1

1. E.coli infections are treated with antibiotics, such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, or a fluoroquinolone. For example, TMP/SMX generally results in bacterial death. It works by blocking the making and use of folate by these microbes. Similarly, Nitrofurantoin is activated inside bacteria by reduction via the flavoprotein nitrofurantoin reductase to unstable metabolites, which disrupt ribosomal RNA, DNA and other intracellular components. It is bactericidal, Finally,  Fluoroquinolones act by inhibiting two enzymes involved in bacterial DNA synthesis, both of which are DNA topoisomerases that human cells lack and that is essential for bacterial DNA replication, thereby enabling these agents to be both specific and bactericidal.

2. Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, surround themselves with a thick cell wall that is essential to cell survival and growth and is a major target of antibiotics Antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat staph infections include certain cephalosporins such as cefazolin; nafcillin or oxacillin; vancomycin; daptomycin (Cubicin); telavancin (Vibativ); or linezolid (Zyvox). Cephalosporins are bactericidal and have the same mode of action as other β-lactam antibiotics (such as penicillins), but are less susceptible to β-lactamases. Cephalosporins disrupt the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer forming the bacterial cell wall.