Question

Compare and contrast translation in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes using a Venn Diagram

Answer 1

MAJOR DIFFERENCES

Since there is no nuclear envelope, the prokaryotic translation takes place close to the genetic material. However, in the eukaryotes, translation takes place in the cytoplasm and never inside the nucleus due to the presence of nuclear envelope.

• Protein capping as well as the RNA splicing takes place before translation in eukaryotes, but there are no such steps in prokaryotic translation.

• Translation starts with the dismantling of the DNA and synthesizing of the mRNA strand take place in prokaryotes, but eukaryotic translation starts after the completion of mRNA synthesis and protein capping with splicing.

• Involved ribosomal subunits in prokaryotic translation are the 30S and 50S while eukaryotes have 40S and 80S ribosomal subunits in translation.

• Initiation and also the elongation are more complex factor-aided processes in eukaryotic translation than in those of prokaryotic translations. However, the terminations are almost the same in both organisms.