Question

In prokaryotes, the molecule that undergoes translation is the _______, and in eukaryotes it is the _______

a. primary transcript, primary transcript

b. primary transcript, mature mRNA

c. mRNA, primary transcript

d. mRNA, tRNA

e. tRNA, mRNA

Answer 1

Answer - b. primary transcript, mature mRNA.

Explanation - Post-transcriptional modification is a process that is quite common in eukaryotes as compared to prokaryotes. As, a result, in eukaryotes first a primary transcript is generated via transcription directly from DNA which undergoes post-transcriptional modifications like 5' capping, 3' polyadenylation, intron splicing and many more resulting in generation of mature mRNA from primary transcript that undergoes translation. Thus, in eukaryotic transcription first a primary transcript is formed which via modification generates mature mRNA that undergoes translation.

In prokaryotes contrast to eukaryotes, the first transcript r primary transcript generated directly via transcription of DNA serves as mRNA (or mature mRNA) and undergoes translation. Thus, in prokaryotes the primary transcript directly undergoes translation without undergoing any modifications.

Therefore, in prokaryotes, the molecule that undergoes translation is the primary transcript and in eukaryotes, it is the mature mRNA formed from primary transcript via post-transcriptional modifications taht undergoes translation.

Hence, the correct option is option is b. primary transcript, mature mRNA