1. Given the following fatty acids: Caproic Acid, Valeric Acid, Stearic Acid, Oleic Acid, Arachidonic Acid,...

1. Given the following fatty acids: Caproic Acid, Valeric Acid, Stearic Acid, Oleic Acid, Arachidonic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Cerebronic Acid, Timnodonic Acid and Cervonic Acid.

1a. Group them into saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Identify the number of

carbons and number of double bonds, if present. Give their biochemical name.

1b. Arrange them based on their melting point, from lowest to highest.

1c. Which will you select as constituents of the cell membrane? Why?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Part 1a.

	Saturated fatty acids
	No. of carbons	No. of double bonds	Melting point	Biochemical name
*Caproic acid*	6	1	-3.4⁰C	Hexanoic acid
*Valeric acid*	5	1	-34.5⁰C	Pentanoic acid
*Stearic acid*	18	1	69.3⁰C	Octadecanoic acid
*Palmitic acid*	17	1	62.9⁰C	Hexadecanoic acid
*Cerebronic acid*	24	1	101-104⁰C	2-Hydroxytetracosanoic acid

Unsaturated fatty acids
	No.of carbon atoms	No. of double bonds	Melting point	Biochemical name
Oleic acid	18	2	13-14⁰C	cis-9-octadecenoic acid
Arachidonic acid	20	5	-49⁰C	Eicosatetraenoic acid
Timnodonic acid	20	5	-54⁰C	Eicosapentaenoic acid
Cervonic acid	22	6	-44⁰C	Docosahexaenoic acid

Part 1b. Arrangement of the fatty acid on the basis of their melting point, from lowest to highest is given below-

Lowest melting point----------------- Timnodonic acid (-54⁰C)

Arachidonic acid (-49⁰C)

Cervonic acid (-44⁰C)

Valeric acid (-34.5⁰C)

Caproic acid (-3.4⁰C)

Oleic acid (13-14⁰C)

Palmitic acid (62.9⁰C)

Stearic acid (69.3⁰C)

Highest melting point-------------- Cerebronic acid (101-104⁰C)

Part 1c.

Fatty acids affect the rigidity and fluidity of a cell membrane. If a cell membrane is mainly composed of saturated fatty acids, then the membrane would be more rigid and stiff. Movement of solutes would be very less through this type of membrane. However, unsaturated fatty acids are the major constituents of a membrane, then the membrane fluidity would be more. As a result of which, movement of solutes would be very high. So, a membrane should have correct proportion of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in order to maintain its stability. Also, fatty acid constituent is dependent on the type of cell membrane. Membranes of arteries and veins require more flexibilty, so they are mainly composed of poly-unsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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