In: Statistics and Probability
Regime Type France Spain UK Total
Dictatorship 16 5 18 39
Parliamentary Democracy 0 2 13 15
Presidential Democracy 3 13 9 25
Total 19 20 40 79
(i) CALCULATE LAMBDA FOR THIS TABLE. SHOW YOUR WORK.
(iii) STATE WHETHER THE RELATIONSHIP IS WEAK, MODERATE, MODERATELY STRONG, OR STRONG.
Chi-Square Test of independence | |||||||
Observed Frequencies | |||||||
0 | |||||||
0 | France | Spain | UK | Total | |||
Dictatorship | 16 | 5 | 18 | 39 | |||
Parliamentary Democracy | 0 | 2 | 13 | 15 | |||
Presidential Democracy | 3 | 13 | 9 | 25 | |||
Total | 19 | 20 | 40 | 79 | |||
Expected frequency of a cell = sum of row*sum of column / total sum | |||||||
Expected Frequencies | |||||||
France | Spain | UK | Total | ||||
Dictatorship | 19*39/79=9.38 | 20*39/79=9.873 | 40*39/79=19.747 | 39 | |||
Parliamentary Democracy | 19*15/79=3.608 | 20*15/79=3.797 | 40*15/79=7.595 | 15 | |||
Presidential Democracy | 19*25/79=6.013 | 20*25/79=6.329 | 40*25/79=12.658 | 25 | |||
Total | 19 | 20 | 40 | 79 | |||
(fo-fe)^2/fe | |||||||
Dictatorship | 4.6726 | 2.4055 | 0.155 | ||||
Parliamentary Democracy | 3.6076 | 0.8508 | 3.847 | ||||
Presidential Democracy | 1.5095 | 7.0311 | 1.0572 |
Chi-Square Test Statistic,χ² = Σ(fo-fe)^2/fe =
25.135
Number of Rows = 3
Number of Columns = 3
Degrees of Freedom=(#row - 1)(#column -1) = (3- 1 ) * ( 3- 1 )
= 4
i) cramer's V=√((X²/n) /(min(c-1,r-1)) = √((25.135/79)/4) =
0.2820
ii) since, cramer's V >0.25
THE RELATIONSHIP Is STRONG.