Question

In: Biology

4. Describe the gametophyte(s) and sporophyte of each of the following plants: moss (e.g. Polytrichum), liverwort...

4. Describe the gametophyte(s) and sporophyte of each of the following plants: moss (e.g. Polytrichum), liverwort (e.g. Marchantia), fern (e.g. Ceratopteris), gymnosperm (e.g. pine), and angiosperm (e.g. lily).

Solutions

Expert Solution

Polytrichum:

Polytrichum is dioecious – Antheridia and archegonia is present on different plants.

Gametophyte:

  • The main plant body is gametophyte.
  • Gametophyte is haploid. It develops antheridia and archegonia.
  • Antheridia produce antherozoids and archegonia produces egg.
  • Antherozoids fuse with egg to produce oosphore.

Sporophyte:

  • Oosphore is the first stage of sporophyte generation.
  • It is diploid.
  • Sporophyte has 3 parts they are foot, seta and capsule.
  • Haploid Spores are produced in the capsule by meiosis.
  • Spore is the first stage of gametophyte.
  • Spores germinate to a gametophyte protonema stage.

Marchantia:

The plant body is a gametophyte protonema, which develops from the haploid spore.

Gametophyte:

  • They are dioecious. Male reproductive plants are antheridia and female is archegonia.
  • Antheridia produces numerous male gametes but archegonia produces only one egg.
  • By means of rain water the sperm reaches the archegonia and fertilize the egg.
  • Zygote develops inside the archegonia into a sporophyte.

Sporophyte:

  • The diploid sporophyte grows on the gametophyte.
  • Inside the sporangium the meiotic division occurs, producing haploid spores.
  • The cap of the sporangium opens and spreads the spores.
  • The spores then can grow into a new gametophyte.

Ceratopteris:

It has haploid heart shaped gametophyte generation and a diploid sporophyte generation.

Gametophyte:

  • The haploid gametophyte is either male or hermaphrodite.
  • Antheridiogen determines whether it is male or hermaphrodite.
  • In the absence of antheridiogen, spores become hermaphrodite, developing both antheridia and archegonia.
  • In the presence of antheridiogen the spores develop only male.
  • Ceratopteris use water for fertilization; sperm swim to fertilize the egg.

Sporophyte:

  • After the fertilization, the sporophytes grow small roots and leaves. The gametophyte dies.
  • The sporophyte mature and undergo meiosis and produces spores.
  • These spores regenerates the life cycle.

Pine:

It has the dominant sporophyte generation.

Both the gametophyte and the next generation new sporophyte develop on the parent body.

Sporophyte:

  • Cones are formed on the mature sporophyte plant.
  • Inside male cones, male spores develops into male gametophyte.
  • Inside female cones, female spores develop into female gametophyte.
  • Each female gametophyte develops a egg.
  • Pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from male to female cone.
  • After fertilization diploid zygote is formed.
  • The zygote develops into a embryo within the seed which is formed from the ovule in the female cone.
  • The seed germinates to a mature sporophyte tree.

Lily:

Lilly is a aromatic, flowering aquatic plants.

The root and stem of the lily plant grow under the surface of water.

  • Lilly begins its life cycle with a seed.
  • The seed settles to the ground, becomes a seedling and grows.
  • Flowers are the sexual organs of the plant, upon maturity flowers grow for reproduction with male and female parts, on the mature sporophyte plant.
  • Insects are the pollinator which goes inside the flower of lily there by the pollen can reach the ovary and fertilize the egg.
  • Fertilization results in the formation of seed.
  • Seeds are released by plant and life cycle continues.

Related Solutions

Compare the life cycles of moss vs. fern, explaining in detail alternation of generations, sporophyte, gametophyte,...
Compare the life cycles of moss vs. fern, explaining in detail alternation of generations, sporophyte, gametophyte, meiosis, fertilization, haploid and diploid, and how the plant moves to new locations.
What is the relationship between gametophyte and sporophyte in mosses? Ferns? Seed plants?
What is the relationship between gametophyte and sporophyte in mosses? Ferns? Seed plants?
how did the sporophyte and gametophyte parts of the plant life cycle change as plants evolved...
how did the sporophyte and gametophyte parts of the plant life cycle change as plants evolved from nonvascular to vascular, and non-seed to seed? *i think it might be talking about the alternation of generations. need someone to explain thanks
30. Describe the trend in dependence between the gametophyte and sporophyte generations in the evolution of...
30. Describe the trend in dependence between the gametophyte and sporophyte generations in the evolution of the major plant groups.long answer
7. For angiosperms, describe the relationship between the sporophyte and gametophyte in terms of nutritional dependence...
7. For angiosperms, describe the relationship between the sporophyte and gametophyte in terms of nutritional dependence and size. a. Is the gametophyte dependent on the sporophyte at any time during the life cycle? If so, explain how. b. Is the sporophyte dependent on the gametophyte at any time during the life cycle? Explain your answer. c. Compare the relationship between the gametophyte and sporophyte in seedless plants and angiosperms. How does the relationship differ? d. Can you think of any...
Chapter 29 1. Describe how the sporophyte and gametophyte stages of a plant life cycle differ....
Chapter 29 1. Describe how the sporophyte and gametophyte stages of a plant life cycle differ. 2. Explain why most bryophytes grow close to the ground. 3. Explain why seedless vascular plants are commonly found in damp habitats. Chapter 30 1. Explain how climatic changes with the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea favored the spread of gymnosperms. 2. Explain why pollen grains were an important adaptation for successful reproduction. Chapter 35 1. Explain this statement: “In contrast to most animals,...
. Briefly explain the following characteristics for the four groups of plants. Moss: Dominant part of...
. Briefly explain the following characteristics for the four groups of plants. Moss: Dominant part of life cycle: reproduction method and sex organ: adaptation to live on dry land: vascular tissue: (present or absent) seeds: (present or absent) Fern: Dominant part of life cycle: reproduction method and sex organ: adaptation to live on dry land: vascular tissue: (present or absent) seeds: (present or absent) Conifers: Dominant part of life cycle: reproduction method and sex organ: vascular tissue: (explain) seeds: (what...
At the end of each of the specific phases of the cell cycle (e.g., G1-, S-...
At the end of each of the specific phases of the cell cycle (e.g., G1-, S- or M-phase) specific cyclin dependent kinase complexes (CDKC, S-Cdk2-cyclin and M-Cdk1-cyclin) are inactivated irreversibly by? simultaneous phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of CDKCs. multiple phosphorylation events of CDKCs. proteasome degradation of the cyclin, but not CDK. dephosphorylation events of CDKCs.
Describe how each of the following adaptations allowed plants to invade new habitats and/or become more...
Describe how each of the following adaptations allowed plants to invade new habitats and/or become more successful competitors: •Spores and spore tetrads •Lignin, vascular tissue, stomata, and roots •Seeds •Ovary •Double fertilization and triple fusion •Flowers Use basic terminology in each individual description.
◦ Describe the chambers of the heart and any special structures found in each chamber (e.g....
◦ Describe the chambers of the heart and any special structures found in each chamber (e.g. papillary muscles, auricles, pectinate muscles, valves)
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT