Question

Chapter 7: Releasing Chemical Energy

o How does the textbook first define cellular respiration? What does this process make for a cell? What does it make it with?

o Explain figure 7.2 – Substrates and products link photosynthesis with aerobic respiration. Explain how photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are natural partners in life.

o What is the fundamental difference in anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?

o What is fermentation? Is this aerobic or anaerobic respiration?

o Is a mitochondrion required in all organisms (aerobic and anaerobic respiration)

o When you exhale, you exhale CO2 gas, and breathing is medically referred to as respiration. Can you draw a link between a human exhaling CO2 gas in a process called respiration, and the process called aerobic respiration that you are learning about?

o Memorize the summary equation for aerobic respiration

o What are the names of the three steps of aerobic respiration

o What goes into each one….just the beginning.   

o What comes out of each one…what is being produced that is needed

o Where do each of the three steps occur inside a cell?

o What is the alternate name of the citric acid cycle?

o In the Citric Acid Cycle, NADH and FADH2 are produced. What do these NADH and FADH2 molecules provide to step 3 that is important?   

o How many ATP are produced from each step of aerobic respiration?

o Low carb diets often remove the sugar from the body that cells need in order to perform aerobic respiration. Yet, if aerobic respiration stopped, the organism would die. Explain how lipids and proteins can feed into the aerobic respiration pathways in the absence of carbohydrates (sugars)

o Critical thinking: Appreciate and understand that one of the most important reasons why you have evolved a heart, blood vessels, lungs, blood itself, red blood cells, and hemoglobin to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide, is simply to provide the cell,

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specifically the mitochondrion, with all of the resources it needs to make ATP.

Answer 1

1. Cellular respiration is a process of a set of reaction involving conversion of nutrients into useful energy and CO2 and H2O are released as by product. H2O is absorbed and CO2 is expelled. ATP contain hugh energy phosphate bond and when hydrolyzed produce energy.

2. Photosynthesis is the phenomenon in autotrophs which produce there organic food from CO2 in oresence of chlorophyll. Sugar produced undergoes glycolysis to form Pyruvate and which is entered into kreb cycle. NADH and FADH produced form ATP by forming PMF in ETC.

3. Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of nutrients into aerobic or oxygen rich environment and anerobic respiration means production of emergy in oxygen free environment. In aerobic environment end product is CO2 and H2O but in anerobic lactic acid or alcohol is formed.

4. Fermentation is breakdown of nutrient in absence of oxygen. It may be lactic acid fermentation or may be alcoholic fermentation on basis of end product. Some yeast and bacteria are involved in fermentation.