Question

1. If a microscope has a resolving power of 2um (micrometers) it means:

   1. a) Objects less than 2 um in size cannot be seen, are invisible.

   2. b) Objects further than 2 um apart look like one object.

   3. c) Objects closer than 2 um apart, look like one object.

   4. d) Objects greater than 2 um in size cannot be seen, are invisible.

2. Which of the following is not associated with a prokaryotic cell?

   1. a) Cell wall.

   2. b) Cell membrane.

   3. c) Nucleus.

   4. d) Ribosome.

   5. e) Photosynthetic membranes.

3. Which structure makes proteins in a prokaryotic cell?

   1. a) Pili.

   2. b) Flagella.

   3. c) Capsule.

   4. d) Nucleoid.

   5. e) Ribosomes.

4. Which structure is “slimy” in texture and may protect a prokaryotic cell from destruction by our immune system?

   1. a) Pili.

   2. b) Flagella.

   3. c) Capsule.

   4. d) Nucleoid.

   5. e) Mark e if none are correct.

5. Which statement is not true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell walls?

   1. a) They are both composed primarily of the carbohydrate cellulose.

   2. b) They are both external to the cell membrane.

   3. c) Both are highly permeable to molecules, and not selectively permeable like the plasma

      membrane.

   4. d) Some bacterial cell walls are toxic, whereas plant cell walls are not.

6. Which structure attaches the prokaryotic cell to other cells or surfaces?

   1. a) Pili.

   2. b) Flagella.

   3. c) Capsule.

   4. d) Nucleoid.

7. Which structure is composed of the highly condensed, circular, prokaryotic chromosome?

   1. a) Pili.

   2. b) Flagella.

   3. c) Capsule.

   4. d) Nucleoid.

8. Which statement is not true of prokaryotes?

   1. a) They are less complex than eukaryotic cells.

   2. b) They lack a true nucleus.

   3. c) In addition to the chromosome they often have additional loops of DNA called plasmids.

   4. d) Photosynthetic bacteria may have sheets of internal plasma membranes.

   5. e) They tend to be as large as eukaryotic cells, 100um is a typical size.

9. What structure must be present for a cell to be considered a eukaryote? a) Cell wall.

   b) Cell membrane.
   c) Nucleus.
   d) Ribosome.
   e) Photosynthetic membranes

10. If a cell is metabolically very active, requiring it to process and use a great deal of energy, which organelle would be abundant in the cytoplasm?

    1. a) Nuclei.

    2. b) Nucleoli.

    3. c) Mitochondria.

    4. d) Lysosomes.

    5. e) Endoplasmic reticulum.

11. Which statement is not true?

    1. a) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes make proteins.

    2. b) Prokaryotic ribosomes are larger than eukaryotic ribosomes.

    3. c) Eukaryotic ribosomes may be embedded in plasma membranes called rough endoplasmic

       reticulum.

    4. d) Mark d if all statements are true.

12. Which of the following is not found within the nuclear envelope?

    1. a) Chromosomes.

    2. b) DNA.

    3. c) Nucleoli.

    4. d) Mitochondria.

    5. e) Nucleoplasm.

13. Which statement is not true of the cytoskeleton?

    1. a) It can lend shape to an animal cell.

    2. b) It is a stiff, rigid structure, like the bone in our own skeleton.

    3. c) The cytoskeleton loosely anchors some organelles within a cell.

    4. d) Fibers of the cytoskeleton act as a “highway” along which small vesicles move from one part of

       cell to another.

14. Which of the following lacks a double plasma membrane, i.e. two separate bilipid membranes?

    1. a) Nuclear envelope.

    2. b) Cell membrane.

    3. c) Mitochondria.

    4. d) Chloroplast.

    5. e) Mark e if none of these has a double plasma membrane.

15. Which of the following is not found inside the cell membrane?

    1. a) Nucleus.

    2. b) Flagella.

    3. c) Golgi apparatus.

    4. d) Vacuoles.

    5. e) Cell wall.

16. Where would one not encounter ribosomes in a cell?

    1. a) Embedded in the plasma membrane that forms the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

    2. b) Embedded in the plasma membrane that forms the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

    3. c) Floating “free” in the cytoplasm.

17. The liver is an organ that functions to detoxify body fluids of poisonous chemicals (like ethyl alcohol). What organelle within liver cells helps it to accomplish this function?

    1. a) Nucleoli.

    2. b) Lysosomes.

    3. c) Golgi apparatus.

    4. d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

18. The cell walls of what type of organism contain the chemical chitin.

    1. a) Plants.

    2. b) Animals.

    3. c) Bacteria.

    4. d) Fungi.

19. What organelle produces lysosomes?

    1. a) Mitochondria.

    2. b) Golgi apparatus.

    3. c) Ribosomes.

    4. d) Vacuoles.

20. What structure is a large vacuole that lends internal support to plant cells when hydrated?

    1. a) Cell wall.

    2. b) Nucleus.

    3. c) Tonoplast.

    4. d) Plasmodesmata.

21. Which statement is not true of plastids (chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leukoplasts)?

    1. a) Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis.

    2. b) They have two plasma membranes, with the inner membrane being highly folded.

    3. c) They are structurally similar to mitochondria.

    4. d) Leukoplasts store starch.

    5. e) Chromoplasts contain chlorophyll.

22. Which of the following is not associated with eukaryotic cells?

    1. a) Nucleoli.

    2. b) Plastids.

    3. c) Plasmids.

    4. d) Plasmodesmata.

    5. e) Basal bodies.

23. Which paired items are structurally identical to one another?

    1. a) Eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes.

    2. b) Centrioles and basal bodies.

    3. c) Plastids and mitochondria.

    4. d) Eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella.

24. Which statement is not true?

    1. a) Plant cells are eukaryotic.

    2. b) Cholorplasts are typically found in the roots of plants.

    3. c) Plasmodesmata allow plant cells to share cytoplasm with one another facilitating movement of

       materials from one cell to another.

    4. d) Endoplasmic reticula and golgi complexes work together in the secretion of products from a cell.

25. Which structure is not found in plant cells?

    1. a) Mitochondria.

    2. b) Plastids.

    3. c) Centrioles.

    4. d) Golgi bodies.

    5. e) Mark e if all are found in plant cells.

26. Which of the following is not found in animal cells?

    1. a) Mitochondria.

    2. b) Plastids.

    3. c) Centrioles.

    4. d) Golgi bodies.

    5. e) Mark e if all are found in animal cells.

27. Which structure is found at the base of eukaryotic flagella and cilia and play a role in control of these structures?

    1. a) Peroxisomes.

    2. b) Plasmids.

    3. c) Centrioles.

    4. d) Basal bodies.

28. What statement is not true of cell fractionation?

    1. a) Tissue is homogenized in a blender.

    2. b) The homogenate is spun at high speed in a centrifuge to pull suspended materials out of solution

       to form a pellet.

    3. c) The pellet is examined for its composition and the characteristics of the materials it contains.

    4. d) Once centrifuged, there is nothing left in the supernatant to examine.

    5. e) Mark e if all statements are true of cell fractionation.

29. Which statement is not true?

    1. a) Unicellular organisms can be eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

    2. b) Tissues are composed of cells.

    3. c) Organs are composed of tissues.

    4. d) Organisms are composed of cells and cell products.

    5. e) Mark e if all statements are true.

30. Which statement is not true of cells and cell size?

    1. a) Large cells have a high surface area to volume ratio, compared to small cells.

    2. b) Cells with highly folded cell membranes have a higher surface area to volume ratio than cells

       without a folded cell membrane.

    3. c) Being flat and thin increases the surface area to volume ratio.

    4. d) Mark d if all statements are true.

Answer 1

1. Resolving power of microscope indicates ability of microscope to identify two object (for example bacterial cells) as separate (resolve). So resolving power of 2 micrometer means, if

If a microscope has a resolving power of 2um (micrometers) it means: objects will be identified as separate if they are at distance of 2 micrometer or more.

a) Objects less than 2 um in size cannot be seen, are invisible.- Incorrect, object will be seen as one object but not resolved, detail will not be revealed.

b) Objects further than 2 um apart look like one object.- Incorrect, objects will be resolved will be seen as separate objects

c) Objects closer than 2 um apart, look like one object.- Correct

d) Objects greater than 2 um in size cannot be seen, are invisible.- Incorrect, objects will be resolved will be seen as separate objects

2.Which of the following is not associated with a prokaryotic cell?

a) Cell wall- gives rigidity and shape to prokaryotic cell

b) Cell membrane- covers prokaryotic cell, control cell permeability

c) Nucleus- Not associated with prokaryotic cell (Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA as genetic material. Nucleus is present in Eukaryotes)

d) Ribosome- is a site of protein synthesis

e) Photosynthetic membranes- present in autotrophic (using light as a energy source) Cyano-bacteria.

3. Which structure makes proteins in a prokaryotic cell?

a) Pili: Incorrect, Pili helps in cell attachment or transfer of genetic material (sex pili)

b) Flagella:Incorrect, it is responsible for cell movement (swimming)

c) Capsule.Incorrect, it protect a prokaryotic cell from phagocytosis by cells of  immune system

d) Nucleoid - Incorrect, it is region containing genetic material (DNA)

e) Ribosomes Correct. On ribosomes, translation takes place to synthesize protein.

4. Which structure is “slimy” in texture and may protect a prokaryotic cell from destruction by our immune system?

c) Capsule: Correct, see the details of other cell organelles given in earlier part of the answer