what is equation to determine PH

Expert Solution

pH is defined as the, pH= -log [H3O+], concentration of H3)+ ions in a solution.

for a strong acid like HCl, HNO3 etc, when ionized, they completely dissociate in water HCl+ H2O------->H3O++Cl-

pH= -log [H3O+]

when referring to weak acid like acetic acid , which ionnized only partially, CH3COOH+ H2O------->CH3COO- + H3O+, Henderson -Hasselbalch equation can be used to determined the pH

pH= pKa+ log [CH3COO-]/[CH3COOH]

Ka is dissociation constant of an acid.

for a strong base like KOH, pOH= -log[OH-] and pH= 14-pOH

for a weak base like NH3, pOH= pKb+log[NH4+]/[NH3], pH= 14-pOH

for a buffer of weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base ( NaA) , pH= pKa+ log [A-]/[HA

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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