Ethanol (C2H5OH) is a very important chemical.in addition to being widely used as an industrial solvent,a...

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is a very important chemical.in addition to being widely used as an industrial solvent,a gasoline additive,and an alternative fuel,it is well known as the alcoholic beverages.A common name for ethanol is grain alcohol because it is formed by the fermentation of glucose (C6H12O6) and other sugars in grains such as corn,wheat and barley:
C6H12O6---'C2H5OH + CO2
The previous reaction has been carried out for many centuries and is one of the oldest manufacturing processes.In a more recent development,ethanol can be prepared by reacting ethylene (found in petroleum) with water:
C2H4 +H2O ---C2H5OH
a.write the balanced equation for each of the two reactions above
b.Calcute the % A.E ( for the product ethanol) for the two reactions.
c.Explain how you can determine which reaction has the higher atom economy without doing the calculation in part (b) above .
d.Is either method sustainable?Which one? justify your answer.
e.Given the result from parts (b) and (d) above ,select one of the two methods as the better candidate overall for preparing ethanol.justify your selection.

Solutions

Expert Solution

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Synthetically produced ethanol is an important industrial commodity used for various purposes, including as a solvent...

Synthetically produced ethanol is an important industrial commodity used for various purposes, including as a solvent (especially for substances intended for human contact or consumption); in coatings, inks, and personal care products; for sterilization; and as a fuel. Industrial ethanol is a petrochemical synthesized by the hydrolysis of ethylene: C2H4 (g) + H2O (v) <=>C2H5OH (v) Some of the product is converted to diethyl ether in the undesired side reaction: 2 C2H5OH (v)<=> (C2H5 )2O (v) + H2O (v) The...

Ethanol (C2H5OH) and gasoline (C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel. If gasoline is selling for...

Ethanol (C2H5OH) and gasoline (C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel. If gasoline is selling for $2.50/gal, what would the price of ethanol have to be in order to provide the same amount of heat per dollar? Necessary ΔH°f values are found in the table below. The density of octane is 0.7025 g/mL and the density of ethanol is 0.7894 g/mL. 1 gal = 3.785 L. C8H18(l) + 25/2 O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(g) C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) +...

(C2H5OH) is a common alcohol used in food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries. The production of ethanol...

(C2H5OH) is a common alcohol used in food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries. The production of ethanol is through fermentation of glucose (C6H12O6) in a reactor, which produces ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2). Unfortunately, glucose fermentation also produces propenoic acid (C2H3CO2H) and water (H2O) in a side reaction. A production engineer is designing a glucose fermentation process that produces 46 000 kg of ethanol. The conversion of glucose in this process is 80 % and the selectivity of ethanol production to...

Ethanol (C2H5OH) and gasoline (assumed to be all octane, C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel....

Ethanol (C2H5OH) and gasoline (assumed to be all octane, C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel. If gasoline is selling for $2.25/gal, what would the price of ethanol have to be in order to provide the same amount of heat per dollar? The density and ΔH f of octane are 0.7025 g/mL and −249.9 kJ/mol and the density and ΔH f of ethanol are 0.7894 g/mL and −277.0 kJ/mol, respectively. Assume that the products of combustion are CO2(g) and H2O(l)....

The common laboratory solvent ethanol is often used to purify substances dissolved in it. The vapor...

The common laboratory solvent ethanol is often used to purify substances dissolved in it. The vapor pressure of ethanol, CH3CH2OH, is 54.68 mm Hg at 25 °C. In a laboratory experiment, students synthesized a new compound and found that when 30.10 grams of the compound was dissolved in 269.1 grams of ethanol, the vapor pressure of the solution was 53.72 mm Hg. The compound was also found to be nonvolatile and a non-electrolyte. What is the molecular weight of this...

1. If by mistake, chemist used 100% ethanol rather than THF as a solvent, would the...

1. If by mistake, chemist used 100% ethanol rather than THF as a solvent, would the synthesis proceed as expected? Why or why not? 2. Why is bromotoluene added dropwise to the reaction flask rather than all at once? 3. Draw a dipole moment (see chapter 1) to explain the polarity of the following Grignard reagent? MgBr 1. In this reaction we will be heating butadiene sulfone to perform a Diels-Alder reaction. What side product is generated upon heating butadiene...

Trichloroethylene, a widely used degreasing solvent for machine parts is produced in a two-step reaction sequence....

Trichloroethylene, a widely used degreasing solvent for machine parts is produced in a two-step reaction sequence. Ethylene is first chlorinated to yield tetrachloroethane, which is dehydrochlorinated to form trichloroethylene. C2H4 (g) + Cl2 (g) ? C2H2C14 (1) + H2 (g): ?H?? = �385.76 kJ/mol C2H2C14 (l) ? C2HCl3 (l) + HC1 (g) The standard heat of formation of liquid trichloroethylene is �276.2 kJ/mol (a) Use the given data and tabulated standard heats of formation of ethylene and hydrogen chloride to...

ethanol(C2H5OH)and gasoline(assumed to be octane,C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel.if gasoline is selling for $4.50/gal,what...

ethanol(C2H5OH)and gasoline(assumed to be octane,C8H18) are both used as automobile fuel.if gasoline is selling for $4.50/gal,what would the price of ethanol have to be in order to provide the same amount of heat per dollar?The density and ?Hf of octane are 0.7025g/ml and -249.9kJ/mol,respectively and of ethanol are 0.7894g/ml and -277.0 kJ/mol,respectively(1 gal =3.785L)

GDP is very widely used throughout the world as a measure of Economic health. Come up...

GDP is very widely used throughout the world as a measure of Economic health. Come up with your own example, either real or a scenario, that shows a flaw with using GDP as the only indicator of the well being of a society. To maybe help with an example, think about this question: Is someone who makes $150,000 a year guaranteed to be happier than someone who makes $70,000 a year?

Why correspondent banking is being used so widely in global banking? What are the advantages to...

Why correspondent banking is being used so widely in global banking? What are the advantages to banks? Who are the major participants in the foreign exchange markets and what are their objectives? Explain briefly. What is the difference between a spot trade and a forward rate? Why would a business use one or the other?

Subjects