Question

Type an essay about "Transmission lines theory", explain with it; transmission lines effects and their causes, then state the difference between the propagation of electromagnetic waves in such structures and the propagation in an unbounded space, like free space
Your essay should not exceed one page

Answer 1

TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY :-

​​​​​​let's at first define transmission line, so transmission line are nothing but a specialized cables that are designed to transmite alternating current at a considerable high frequency so that their wave nature must be taken into account. The transmission line has a very wide field of applications such as in radio transmission, television cables, trunklines routing calls, and many more. Following are the transmission line effect and causes :-

1.) Potential effect of electric field from the operation of the transmission lines causes spark discharge as a person touches metal object near transmission lines or fuel ignition, pole fire, dead tree burning by charge discharge.

2.) With increasing voltage the Corona effect in the transmission line occures due to ionisation of the air surrounding the conductors. The main factors that affect the Corona are cables as well as physical states of the atmosphere i.e. atmospheric condition and condition of conductors.

There is no difference between the propagation of electromagnetic wave in cables and that in case of unbounded space like free space as unlike mechanical wave electromagnetic wave do not require any medium to propagate as the electromagnetic wave can not only travel through air but can also travel in vacuum of space but the only difference is that in case of cables it's direction of propagation is fixed where as in case of unbounded space it's free to travel in any direction.