Question

Outline the objectives and functions of memory management in operating systems. Compare and contrast the physical address space with the virtual address space as they relate to differenct memory mapping techniques in operating systems. Create a concept map the logically arrange the essential concepts about memory management into a hierarchy of nodes that branch from the main idea. Include cross-links where necessary to show relationships in different sections of the concept map. Use connecting nodes to accurately describe each relationship between topics that connect. It must have at least two nodes and at least four connecting nodes.

Answer 1

Objective of Memory management:

• It is used for Relocation ( Relocation is a process of memory management where already allocated memory are again relocate to the another programe or action or process after the compilation of first programe.)
• It is used for Protection (When several processes are sharing memory it is of course essential for their integrity that none of them is permitted to alter the contents of memory locations which are currently allocated to the others.)
• It is used for both physical organisation and logical organisation.
• It's main purpose is to execute the programe.
• It is used to improve the CPU utilization and for speed.

Functions of memory management in operating systems:

• It's main fuction is to allocate memory for an action or programe.
• It is used to create virtual addressing space.
• It is used for sharing.
• It is used for swapping.
• It is used for static or dynamic memory location.

Physical address space:

• Physical address are generated by the load time at the time of address binding.
• Address generated by memory is called Physical address space.
• Physical address are used in system node.
• 

Virtual address space:

• It is a logiacl view of how the process is stored in memory.
• It begin with logical address.
• It is used to allocate contiguous memory location.
• Large vecant space are alled holes, virtual address space that use holes are called sparese address space.
• Virtual memory allows to share of files and memory.
• 

Memory management hierarchy:

• It is to provide computer programs withunlimited fast memory.
• It is used for cost-performance of memory technology.
• Memory hierarchies are organized into several levels, starting from huge and inexpensive but slow disk systems to DRAM main memory and SRAM CPU caches (both off and on chip) to registers in the CPU core. Each level closer to the CPU is faster but smaller than the next level one step down in the hierarchy.
• It's main purpose to exploit the principle of locality,the property,data uniformly etc.
• 

Memory Hierarchy Design:

• Memory hierarchy design becomes more crucial with recent multi‐core processors.

1. Aggregate peak bandwidth
2. DRAM bandwidth