The phase of a substance depends on the relative magnitudes of the molecular _________________ and the...

The phase of a substance depends on the relative magnitudes of the molecular _________________ and the energy of intermolecular attractions.

Select the correct answer below:

mass

volume

kinetic energy

pressure

Expert Solution

The phase of a substance depends on the relative magnitudes of the molecular kinetic energy and the energy of intermolecular attractions.

All molecules possess energy to move, vibrate and rotate at any given temperature (except absolute zero) and that is due to the thermal energy contained in the molecules at that temperature. If a fraction of the molecules contain very low energy, it might exist as a solid and if one fraction contains a considerable quantity of energy, greater than the species' lattice enthalpy, it exists as a liquid. When one fraction contains very high amounts of energy, it will exist as gas.

These factors - the enthalpies of fusion, sublimation and vaporization are independant of the molecular mass, volume and pressure. Hence, the number of phases possible for a substance is dependent on the temperature at which the substance resides, i.e. the kinetic energy of the substance, apart from the intermolecular forces since these need energy to be broken or formed.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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