Transcription is the process of RNA synthesis. Translation is the cytoplasmic process of protein synthesis. Both processes can...

Transcription is the process of RNA synthesis. Translation is the cytoplasmic process of protein synthesis. Both processes can be divided into three stages, Initiation, Elongation, and Termination. For each of the events listed below write which process it occurs in (either transcription or translation) and in which stage the event occurs (initiation, elongation, termination).

a. Peptidyl transferase moves the peptide from the transfer RNA in the peptidyl site to the transfer RNA in the amino acyl site.

b. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.

c. The ribosome reaches a stop codon and pauses.

d. The methionine transfer RNA binds to the messenger RNA.

Expert Solution

a) Translation. Elongation.

In translation, elongation happens when the peptidyl transferase enzymes transfer the amino acid from the peptidyl tRNA to amino acyl tRNA, Amino acyl tRNA then escapes through the exit site so that a new tRNA with amino acid can bind to the A site.

b) Transcription initiation.

One of the main events of transcription initiation is binding of RNA polymerase. Sigma factor of RNA Polymerase recognises specific sequences known as promoter and binds to it, enabling the binding of the enzyme.

c) Translation - Termination

Stop codon in mRNA is recognized by the ribosome to stop the translation process. The stop codon don't code for any amino acid and leads to the termination of translation.

d) Translation - Initiation

Methionine is coded by the start codon in mRNA, recruitment of tRNA with methionine is important in the assembly of translation initiation factors and for the process to begin.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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