Question

Does differentiation of cells have specific functions that occur only in multicellular organisms? Give examples of either situation.

What is the benefit of an antibiotic-producing microorganism of producing an antibiotic in its natural habitat? Give more possibilities.

AT-rich DNA will denature/melt at a higher or lower temperature than GC-rich DNA? Why?

Answer 1

Yes, the differentiation of the cell gives the cell to perform only a specialised function. The differentiation of cells only occurs in the multicellular organism to provide division of labour. You might know about HSC ( Heamatopieotic stem cells) that are present in bone marrow. HSC differentiate into various cell types like B cell and T cells and macrophages. All these differentiated cells perform a specialised function. Like macrophages have phagocytic effect, B cell have antibody production job whereas T cell will activate B cell and kill viruses. These are the example of specialized cells performing function.

The antibiotics producing microorganisms in natural habitat will provide many advantages to microbes. The most important is that these antibiotics producing microbes can kill the microbes that don't antibiotics. Thus, in this way these microbes eliminate the competition for various resources like food. So, these antibiotics producing microbes growth and selei will be favoured. If these microbes are infection agent then they can also be a successful invaders in humans. Because they are resistant to antibiotics killing.

AT rich DNA will melt at lower temperature than GC rich DNA because if you see the base pairing between AT and GC, AT contains two hydrogen bonding whereas as GC contains three hydrogen bonding between themselves. So, it is easier to melt two hydrogen bond than three hydrogen bond. Thus, AT rich DNA molecules melts at lower temperature than GC. For DNA replication and Transcription also cell start site is AT rich becuase inside cell it is need less energy to melt AT rich template than GC rich.

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