Question

The following table shows income statement and balance sheet data for five U.S. industries in 2017.

INCOME STATEMENT AND BALANCE SHEET FOR 2017 SELECTED U.S. INDUSTRIES FOR 2017 (Figures in $ billions)
	Food				Pharmaceuticals				Oil and Coal				Computers and Peripherals				Food Stores
Income Statement Data:
Sales	$	666.9			$	427.5			$	802.0			$	216.0			$	474.2
Cost of goods sold		596.1				352.4				757.8				189.7				451.0
Balance Sheet Data:
Inventory	$	67.8			$	56.8			$	44.2			$	11.3			$	27.9
Accounts receivable		56.6				68.1				52.8				23.7				7.4
Accounts payable		49.0				42.3				50.3				39.5				23.7

Note: Cost of goods sold includes selling, general, and administrative expenses.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Quarterly Financial Report for Manufacturing, Mining, Trade Corporations, and Selected Service Industries, Quarter 3, issued December 2017.

Calculate the cash cycle for each industry. (Negative amounts should be indicated by a minus sign. Use 365 days a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 1 decimal place.)

Answer 1

Food:

Average Receivable Period = 365 * Accounts Receivable / Sales
Average Receivable Period = 365 * $56.6 / $666.9
Average Receivable Period = 31.0 days

Average Inventory Period = 365 * Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Inventory Period = 365 * $67.8 / $596.1
Average Inventory Period = 41.5 days

Average Payable Period = 365 * Accounts Payable / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Payable Period = 365 * $49.0 / $596.1
Average Payable Period = 30.0 days

Cash Cycle = Average Receivable Period + Average Inventory Period - Average Payable Period
Cash Cycle = 31.0 days + 41.5 days - 30.0 days
Cash Cycle = 42.5 days

Pharmaceuticals:

Average Receivable Period = 365 * Accounts Receivable / Sales
Average Receivable Period = 365 * $68.1 / $427.5
Average Receivable Period = 58.1 days

Average Inventory Period = 365 * Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Inventory Period = 365 * $56.8 / $352.4
Average Inventory Period = 58.8 days

Average Payable Period = 365 * Accounts Payable / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Payable Period = 365 * $42.3 / $352.4
Average Payable Period = 43.8 days

Cash Cycle = Average Receivable Period + Average Inventory Period - Average Payable Period
Cash Cycle = 58.1 days + 58.8 days - 43.8 days
Cash Cycle = 73.1 days

Oil and Coal:

Average Receivable Period = 365 * Accounts Receivable / Sales
Average Receivable Period = 365 * $52.8 / $802.0
Average Receivable Period = 24.0 days

Average Inventory Period = 365 * Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Inventory Period = 365 * $44.2 / $757.8
Average Inventory Period = 21.3 days

Average Payable Period = 365 * Accounts Payable / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Payable Period = 365 * $50.3 / $757.8
Average Payable Period = 24.2 days

Cash Cycle = Average Receivable Period + Average Inventory Period - Average Payable Period
Cash Cycle = 24.0 days + 21.3 days - 24.2 days
Cash Cycle = 21.1 days

Computers and Peripherals:

Average Receivable Period = 365 * Accounts Receivable / Sales
Average Receivable Period = 365 * $23.7 / $216.0
Average Receivable Period = 40.0 days

Average Inventory Period = 365 * Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Inventory Period = 365 * $11.3 / $189.7
Average Inventory Period = 21.7 days

Average Payable Period = 365 * Accounts Payable / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Payable Period = 365 * $39.5 / $189.7
Average Payable Period = 76.0 days

Cash Cycle = Average Receivable Period + Average Inventory Period - Average Payable Period
Cash Cycle = 40.0 days + 21.7 days - 76.0 days
Cash Cycle = -14.3 days

Food Stores:

Average Receivable Period = 365 * Accounts Receivable / Sales
Average Receivable Period = 365 * $7.4 / $474.2
Average Receivable Period = 5.7 days

Average Inventory Period = 365 * Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Inventory Period = 365 * $27.9 / $451.0
Average Inventory Period = 22.6 days

Average Payable Period = 365 * Accounts Payable / Cost of Goods Sold
Average Payable Period = 365 * $23.7 / $451.0
Average Payable Period = 19.2 days

Cash Cycle = Average Receivable Period + Average Inventory Period - Average Payable Period
Cash Cycle = 5.7 days + 22.6 days - 19.2 days
Cash Cycle = 9.1 days