Explain the mechanism by which the signaling by the Epinephrine receptor is amplified inside the cell....

Explain the mechanism by which the signaling by the Epinephrine receptor is amplified inside the cell. And also explain the merit of signal amplification.

Expert Solution

The epinephrine binds to its receptor on a muscle cell (a type of G protein-coupled receptor), it helps to triggers a signal transduction cascade involving production of the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP).

Epinephrine, bibds to its receptors- GPCRs, which is important in mediating the body’s response to stress, such as fright or heavy exercise. Then all tissues required high amount of glucose and fatty acids. These principal metabolic fuels are need to be supplied to the blood stream mainly by the rapid breakdown of glycogen in the liver , called glycogen-olysis. The mechanism is explained as below:-

At first ,Epinephrine binds to its receptor, that induce phosphorylation.
Thus, glycogen synthase is inactivated, so the storage of glucose to glycogen is prevented.
Now the protein kinase cascade amplifies the signal, CAMP are also produced due to the binding of epinephrine. They activates a molecule of protein kinase A.
The activity of phosphorylation, activates the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme.
Therefore stored glucose is released from the glycogen.
Finally, these glucose molecules are goes into the blood stream.

Merit:- Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline hormone. It is secreted from the medulla of the adrenal glands. Its main function is to increase cardiac output and increase the glucose levels in the blood.

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gladiator answered 1 year ago

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