Question

In: Biology

How to create power point of Down syndrome disease disorder

Expert Solution

An outline for PowerPoint slides on "down syndrome" is given as follows:

Slide 1. It will be about the disease.

What is the down syndrome?

=>Down syndrome is a genetic condition in which there are 47 chromosomes (an extra than usual 46).

=>Typically associated with delay in cognitive ability leading to mental retardness, physical growth and unique facial characteristics.

=>IQ of affected person is around 50 as compared to normal value of 100.

Slide 2. It will be about the cause of disease.

=> It Occurs due to an extra 21st chromosome.

=> Three major causes:

1. Trisomy 21 - three copies of 21st chromosome.

2. Mosaic down syndrome - due to abnormal cell division after fertilization.

3. Translocation down syndrome - part of 21st chromosome is aatched with other chromosome during or before conception.

Slide 3. Signs and symptoms of the disease.

=>

Small head

Upward slanting eyes

Flattened nose

Small mouth with with protruding tongue

Weak floppy muscles

Rounded cheeks

Wide short hand with short fingers.

=> Other complications include heart defects, dementia, thyroid disease, infectious disease and leukaemia.

Slide 4. Risk factors of disease.

=> Advance maternal aging = the chance of having down syndrome babies increases with age.

=> Parents carrier of the disease have high chance of genetic translocation to offsprings.

Slide 5. Statistics about the disease.

=>

Risk of 1 baby in 800 babies.

3,40,000 individuals affected in US.

88% from mother, 8% from father, rest from cell division errors.

Slide 6. Diagnosis

=> Karyotype analysis

=> Ultrasound during pregnancy - two step screening tests during 11the and 13th week.

=> tests include

Amniocentesis

Clorionic villius sampling

Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

Slide 7. Treatment and therapies

=> Medicines usually target the defects and symptoms.

=> Currently, there is no medical cure for the disease.

=> Surgery is another alternative to cope with the severe complications due to disease.

=> Physical therapy for muscle related defects.

=> Speech therapy for vocal defects.

=> Occupational therapy for developing skills in the affected child.

=> Music therapy for supporting the development and confidence.

=> Counselling of parents and care takers.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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