Question

Discuss the functions of teichoic, dipicolinic acids chitin in microorganisms.

Answer 1

1.The main function of teichoic acids is to provide rigidity to the cell-wall by attracting cations such as magnesium and sodium.

Teichoic acids also assist in regulation of cell growth by limiting the ability of autolysins to break the β(1-4) bond between the N-acetyl glucosamine and the N-acetylmuramic acid.

2. Dipicolinic acid (pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid or PDC and DPA) is a chemical compound which composes 5% to 15% of the dry weight of bacterial spores. It is implicated as responsible for the heat resistance of the endospore.

Dipicolinic acid forms a complex with calcium ions within the endospore core.

3. Chitin, like cellulose and keratin, is a structural polymer. Made from smaller monomers, or monosaccharides, structural polymers form strong fibers. When secreted inside or outside of cells in an organized way, the fibers form weak bonds between each other. This adds strength to the entire structure.

Chitin and cellulose are both made from glucose monomers, while keratin is a fibrous protein. The various structural polymers arose early in the evolution of life, because they are seen only in certain groups.