Question

Discuss the mechanisms in which microorganisms reassemble and synthesize Adenosine triphosphate molecules during metabolic processes

Answer 1

All living organisms perform mainly glycolysis to produce ATP in both aerobic and anaerobic mode of respiration. Cellular respiration which carried out in absence of oxygen called fermentation. In case of aerobic bacteria, oxidative decarboxylation, TCA cycle and ETC also perform for ATP production. These all processes also occur in eukaryotes organism. All microorganisms including bacteria converts nutrients into energy in form of ATP.

Glycolysis is the basic and first pathway of metabolism for generation of ATP. Glycolysis is the set of biochemical reaction by which glucose convert in to pyruvate with releasing of energy in form of ATP and NADH. In aerobic mode, pyruvate convert in to acetyl CoA laterly which enter in to TCA cycle. In anaerobic mode pyruvate convert into alochohal, acetic acid, lactic acid etc. and the process called fermentation.

The Krebs cycle, which also called TCA cycle or citric acid cycle is second step of cellular respiration in aerobic organism including aerobic bacteria. Kerbs cycle is oxidation of acetyl CoA in CO2 and water with releasing energy in form of ATP/GTP, NADH and FADH2.

ETC is the series of enzymes that pumps electron and hydrogen ions to ATP synthesis. In ETC, NADH and FADH2 molecules are oxidised to produced ATP and water.