Question

Describe Freud's theory of personality and the components parts of personality and contrast it with Jung and Adler's theories that split off from Freud's original psychoanalysis.

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud was of the view that a the personality of an individual is made up of three parts, the Id, Ego and the Superego. Id is the instinctual part that works on the pleasure principle by deriving instant pleasure. The ego operates on the Reality Principle by acting according to accepted norms and reality. The Super Ego is concerned with moral values and conscience.

According to Carl Jung, Ego is the conscious mind, and he agreed with concept of unconscious mind. He believed that there was a collective unconscious, this consisted of some common themes shared by all the people. He identified the archetypes as the contents of the unconscious, these archetypes were referred to as instincts by Freud. He also came up with personality constructs of Introversion and Extroversion

Adler School of Psychology was known as Individual Psychology. He focused on how individuals are born into the world with feelings of inferiority, to overcome this inferiority we strive for superiority. Adler believed that the order of birth has an effect on the personality, the first born is given attention and pampered, but when second one is born, the attention is shifted to the second born.