Question

Explain how Agrobacterium, CRISPR-Cas9, and RNAi are all used to genetically engineer plants for our benefit. What are some applications of these strategies? What are some causes for doubt?

Answer 1

Agrobacterium, CRISPR-Cas9, and RNAi all are recombinant DNA technology generally used to engineer plants as well as animals to form new combinations for beneficial purposes.

The CRISPR guides the Cas9 enzyme. Cas 9 known as molecular scissor that target portion of DNA that disables or repairs a gene, or inserts something new where the Cas9 scissors has made some cuts, in such ways DNA editing proceed out by cas 9 & Crisper part.

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic engineering basically process on the T-DNA of A. tumefaciens.

From tumifacin T- DNA ( transformed DNA) is excised out and integrates into the plant host. For transformation Agrobacterium cell require as vehicle for a carrying plasmid.

RNAi ( RNA interference) as name suggests this method use to silence gene's function by inserting short sequences of RNA that match part of the target gene's sequence, as a result there is proteins formation.

Crisper cas 9, agrobacterium, & RNAi specifically use to gene editing , gene transforming & gene silencing process respectively.

One of the greatest application of these techniques is the production of human therapeutics such as hormones, growth factors , antibodies etc.

In plant to increase crop yields, to make disease free or resistant plants these techniques are commonly used.

To treat genetic disorders among plant & animals techniques are used.

As vaccines produce by this technique for animals plantibodies production from recombinant technology by crop is done.

Plantibodies is antibody produced by genetically modified by crop work against hepatitis B, Hiv etc.

As these techniques fails leads to the worse effects can cause incurable mutations.