Question

Describe some important research design used in experimental hypothesis testing research study?

“Research design in exploratory studies must be flexible but in descriptive studies, it must minimise bias
and maximise reliability.” Discuss.?

Give your understanding of a good research design. Is single research design suitable in all research
studies? If not, why?

Book research methodology. Cr kothari

Answer 1

A good experiment should follow the already established scientific rules and generate good usable data. In some cases, it can ve very expensive to replicate an experiment due to lack of sufficient samples or poor control groups. Aps. And for this reason, it is crucial to have a good scientific design so as to minimize the probabilities of having to repeat it. Some important research designs used in experimental research are:

1. Pre test - Post test Design is a quasi-experiment where participants are studied before and after the experimental manipulation. The reason you run a pretest-posttest experiment is to see if your manipulation, the thing you're looking at, has caused a change in the participants. Since everyone is being manipulated in the same way, any changes you see across the group of participants is likely from the manipulation. This means you test them before doing the experiment, then you run your experimental manipulation, and then you test them again to see if there are any changes.

2. Between subjects design - which is when two or more separate groups are compared.In a between-subjects design, the goal is to see if one treatment is better than the other. For example, it might involve comparing teaching methods or treatments for anxiety or other mental illness. For each subject, one score is gathered. Each subject's score is averaged with the other subjects in their treatment group. Finally, the average scores for each of the groups are compared to see if one treatment is more effective than the other.

3. Within-subject design which is a type of experimental design where one set of participants are tested more than once and their scores are compared. It is called 'repeated measures' because the researchers are repeatedly measuring the performance of each participant.