When GLP-1 is released to the plasma, what are the target cells? What receptor does it...

When GLP-1 is released to the plasma, what are the target cells? What receptor does it bind to? Which intracellular signalling pathway is activated?

Expert Solution

Glucagon like peptide 1 regulates the levels of plasma glucose. GLP-1 signals via its receptor to increases the secretion of insulin from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. GLP-1 binds to the GLP-1R receptor, a class B-G protein coupled receptor. This leads to a conformational change in the receptor. The GDP on the G alpha of the G protein is replaced by GTP via the guanine exchange factor. The GTP-Galpha is hydrolyzed and will activate adenylyl cyclase. The adenylyl cyclase will break down ATP to cAMP. Protein kinase A is activated by cAMP. The activation of PKA, leads to increase in intracellular calcium, which then closes the K-ATP channels to induce insulin secretion from beta cells of the pancreas.

GLP-1 receptors are also found in adipocytes, liver, gastric mucosa, heart and lung cells. It will increase the synthesis of glycogen in liver along with increased glycolysis and glucose oxidation.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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