Question

Etiology and Pathophysiology of Menstrual disoeders?

Answer 1

Menstrual disorders are a disruptive physical and/or emotional symptoms just before and during menstruation, including heavy bleeding, missed periods and unmanageable mood swings.types of these arePremenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Amenorrhea.
Dysmenorrhea.
Menorrhagia.
Treatments.

Etiology

Menstrual disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

•Uterine fibroids
•Hormonal imbalances
•Clotting disorders
•Cancer
•Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
•Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) - cysts on the ovaries
•Genetics

Pathophysiology

Estrogen breakthrough bleeding

Anovulatory cycle has no corpus luteum formation, progesterone is not produced. The endometrium continues to proliferate under the influence of unopposed estrogen.

Estrogen withdrawal bleeding

This occurs frequently in women at the end of reproductive life. Ovarian follicles in these women secretes less estradiol. Fluctuating estradiol leads to insufficient endometrial proliferation with irregular menstruaa bleeding.