Question

29)

Regarding the neurotoxigenic disease caused by Clostridium tetani, which of the following among A-D is not correct?

	A.	Infection typically occurs via a puncture wound to the skin.
	B.	It results in lack of muscle contraction, causing a flaccid-type paralysis.
	C.	The causative agent is a Gram-positive anaerobe that produces endospores.
	D.	It inhibits release of neurotransmitter from inhibitory neurons.
	E.	A-D are all correct

30)

Which term among 1-5 is correctly matched with its proper function?

1-Defensin

2-Interferon

3-Perforin

4-PAMPS (MAMPS)

5-Pyrogen

	A.	Secreted peptides of the innate immune system that disrupt cell membrane function: 2
	B.	Lethal protein secreted by natural killer cells: 5
	C.	Recognized by toll-like receptors: 4
	D.	Promotes fever: 1
	E.	Protects cell against viral infection: 3

Answer 1

• 1. B. B the right choice. Tetanus cause spastic like paralysis. the tetanus toxin specifically blocks synaptic inhibition in the spinal code presumably inhibitory terminals that use glycine and GABA as neurotransmitters that talks in act presynapticaly. the abolition of spinal inhibition causes uncontrolled spread of impulses initiated anywhere in the CNS . This result in muscle rigidity and spasticity due to the simultaneous contraction of agonist and antagonist in the absence of reciprocal inhibition. The instruction is executed by puncture wounds , surgical operations etc. They are sporulating Gram positive anaerobes. The spore survive in soil for years.
• 2. correctly matched pair is PAMPS- recognised by toll like receptors.
• Defensin matches for A. Interferon match with E. Perforin match with B. Pyrogen matches with D. PAMPs are pathogen assosciated molecular patterns. Immune system recognise the patterns exhibited by pathogens and initiate innate immunity response.