Question

what are Common Signs and Symptoms
of Risk For Electrolyte Imbalance (Hyponatremia)

1.Nursing Care Plans
2.Nursing Assessment
3.Nursing Interventions

Answer 1

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HYPONATREMIA

Hyponatremis is a common electrolyte deficiency where the sodium levels in the blodd will fall below 135 mEq/L.The common signs and symptoms the individual may experience includes, dizziness, fatigue, lethargy, malaise, excess thirst, headache, insufficient urine production, mental confusion, nausea, vomiting, Restlessness and irritability,Muscle weakness, spasms or cramps etc. Because of low sodium levels, water level in the body rises and may leads to tissue swelling.

Risk for electrolyte imbalance, hyponatremia relatd to diarrhoea or vomiting.

out come: The client will maintain the sodium level within normal range in the body, 135-145 mEq/L.

Nursing assessment

Monitor respiratory rate and depth.

Monitor the blood pressure and heart rate.

Monitor the intake and output.

Assess the conscious level of the patient.

Assess the muscle tone.

Monitor the GCS and neurological status of the client.

Nursing interventions for hyponatremia

Assess the blood pressure of the patient.

Advise the patient to increase the oral fluid intake.

Keep the side rails up to avoid falls and injuries.

Provide oral care and skin care.

Assess the oral mucosa and skin turgour

Encourage fluids and foods high in sodium such as meat, milk, etc

Monitor the urine output, color etc.

Administer sodium suppliments like IV fluids, with doctors order.

Advise to increase oral sodium intake.

Monitor serum and urine electrolytes and osmolality.

Avoid the use of mouthwash containing alcohol.