Question

Question 1: Describe 3 different strategies for data collection and give examples for each type of assessment or data collection. 

 

Question 2: Describe the difference between independent, dependent and collaborative nursing interventions. Give an example of one of each type. 

 

Answer 1

Ans1- Three different methods of data collection are:-

1. Direct Observations - In an observational data collection method, one acquire data by observing any relationships that may be present in the phenomenon one is studying. There are four types of observational methods that are available to a researcher: cross-sectional, case-control, cohort and ecological. Example A scientist looking at a chemical reaction in an experiment. A doctor watching a patient after administering an injection. An astronomer looking at the night sky and recording data regarding the movement and brightness of the objects he sees.
2. Surveys- A survey is a data collection method where one select a sample of respondents from a large population in order to gather information about that population. The process of identifying individuals from the population who will be interviewed is known as sampling.To gather data through a survey, construct a questionnaire to prompt information from selected respondents. When creating a questionnaire, keep in mind several key considerations. First, make sure the questions and choices are unambiguous. Second, make sure the questionnaire will be completed within a reasonable amount of time. Example- surveys are written questionnaires, face-to-face or telephone interviews, focus groups, and electronic (e-mail or website) surveys.
3. Experiment- An experiment is a data collection method where one as a researcher change some variables and observe their effect on other variables. The variables that one manipulate are referred to as independent while the variables that change as a result of manipulation are dependent variables. Example- Imagine a manufacturer is testing the effect of drug strength on number of bacteria in the body. The company decides to test drug strength at 10mg, 20mg and 40mg. In this example, drug strength is the independent variable while number of bacteria is the dependent variable. The drug administered is the treatment, while 10mg, 20mg and 40mg are the levels of the treatment.

Ans2- Nursing intervention is any act by a nurse that implements the nursing care plan. Nursing interventions fall into three main categories that determine which medical professionals are responsible for carrying out a patient intervention:

• Independent- A nurse can carry out these interventions on their own, without input or assistance from others. An example of an independent intervention includes educating a patient on the importance of their medication so they can administer it as prescribed.
• Dependent- These nursing interventions require an order from a physician, such as ordering the prescription for a new medication.
• Collaborative- Nurses work alongside multiple members of a care team to perform these interventions. An example of an interdependent intervention could include a patient recovering from knee surgery who is prescribed pain medication by a physician, administered medication by a nurse and given physical therapy exercises by a specialist.