Question

Periodic inventory by three methods

The beginning inventory for Midnight Supplies and data on purchases and sales for a three-month period are shown below:

Date	Transaction	Number of Units		Per Unit		Total
Jan. 1	Inventory	7,500		$75.00		$562,500
10	Purchase	22,500		85.00		1,912,500
28	Sale	11,250		150.00		1,687,500
30	Sale	3,750		150.00		562,500
Feb. 5	Sale	1,500		150.00		225,000
10	Purchase	54,000		87.50		4,725,000
16	Sale	27,000		160.00		4,320,000
28	Sale	25,500		160.00		4,080,000
Mar. 5	Purchase	45,000		89.50		4,027,500
14	Sale	30,000		160.00		4,800,000
25	Purchase	7,500		90.00		675,000
30	Sale	26,250		160.00		4,200,000

1. Determine the inventory on March 31 and the cost of goods sold for the three-month period, using the first-in, first-out method and the periodic inventory system.

Inventory, March 31	$
Cost of goods sold	$

2. Determine the inventory on March 31 and the cost of goods sold for the three-month period, using the last-in, first-out method and the periodic inventory system.

Inventory, March 31	$
Cost of goods sold	$

3. Determine the inventory on March 31 and the cost of goods sold for the three-month period, using the weighted average cost method and the periodic inventory system. Round the weighted average unit cost to the nearest cent.

Inventory, March 31	$
Cost of goods sold	$

4. Compare the gross profit and the March 31 inventories, using the following column headings. For those boxes in which you must enter subtracted or negative numbers use a minus sign.

	FIFO	LIFO	Weighted Average
Sales	$	$	$
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit	$	$	$
Inventory, March 31	$	$	$

Answer 1

1)FIFO

2)LIFO

1st picture

2nd picture

3)Weighted Average Method

4) FIFO LIFO Weighted Average

Sales 19,875,000 19,875,000 19,875,000

(-)Cost of Goods Sold (10,891,875) (11,021,250) (10,901,250)

Gross Profit 8,983,125 8,853,750 8,973,750

Inventory 1,010,625   881,250    1,001,250

Sales figure will be unaffected by the method of valuation of stock. Since the cost of raw material is rising, raw material purchased earlier at a cheaper price will be included in COGS under FIFO. Under LIFO, Cost expensed under COGS will be higher hence. Due to this, FIFO method gives higher Gross Profit compared to LIFO. Under FIFO, goods purchased on later dates will form a part of inventory. Since at later dates, cost was higher, FIFO has higher closing inventory balance compared to LIFO.

Weighted Average Method balances out the fluctuations between LIFO and FIFO, and gives a moderate answer to each line item.