31. What is the initiator in the polymerization of isobutylene? 


32. What is the general name of the product produced by cationic initiation? 


33. What reactant besides the monomer is present in cationic chain propagation reactions? 


how do you find the equivalent positions for a monoclinic space group for example a C2/m space group?

Q-) A 25 ml of diluted bleach solution was titrated with 19.5 ml of 0.3 M of sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O3), if the dilution factor = 5, then the % of NaOcl in org. bleach equals ( density of original. bleach= 1.08 g/ml) ??

A 29.0-g sample of NaOH is dissolved in water, and the solution is diluted to give a final volume of 1.60 L. The molarity of the final solution isA) 18.1 M B) 0.453 M C) 0.725 M D) 0.0552 M E) 0.862 M

The surface tension of pure water is 72 dyne/cm at 20C. You are provided with two surfactants, A and B. A 1% solution of surfactant A reduced the surface tension of water to 35 dynes/cm and a 1% solution of surfactant B reduces the surface tension to 44.5 dynes/cm. Now, let's assume that you are making two foams using surfactants A and B. The total interfacial area of the foam in both cases is 600 cm^2. What is the interfacial energy difference between these two foams? Which one will be more stable?

In general, why are atoms that are farther to the right on the periodic table more electronegative?  Additionally, why does the size of the atom affect its electronegativity?

4.3120 g KNO3, 1.2345 g of CuCl2*2H2O, and 0.5678 g of BaCl2*2H2O are used to prepare K2CuBa(NO2)6. Calculate the theoretical yield of K2CuBa(NO2)6 in grams.

Solid Iron (II) Oxide reacts with Solid elemental iron and oxygen gas to create Iron (III) Oxide. Calculate ∆S​ * and determine the value for K of this reaction at 25C.

Using an argument based on intermolecular forces, explain why there is a surface tension that develops between air and water? How would a surfactant disrupt this tension?

0.170g of caffeine is dissolved in 10.0mL of water. The caffeine is extracted from the aqueous solution three times with 5.0-mL portions of methylene chloride. Calculate the total amount of caffeine that can be extracted into three portions of methylene chloride. Caffeine has a distribution coefficient of 4.6 between methylene chloride and water.

Please explain throughoutly. This is my first time working with extraction question

Most transition metal complex ions with octahedral geometry follow 18-electron rule. explain why it is so using the molecular orbital diagram.

some transition metal with d8 electron configuration ten to form square planar geometry rattan than octahedral geometry. explain the reason using the molecular orbital diagram.

One water sample form a home in Flint had lead levels of 13,200 ppb (part per billion) (See Chemical & Engineering News; February 11, 2016; vol. 97; issues 7; pp 26-29). All samples from the same home had more than 300 ppb, even after flushing. The average of several samples that were taken from the home was 2,000 ppb. If ppm is equivalent to micrograms/liter, then how many grams of lead were in each liter of water? Why is it a problem when too much lead is in drinking water?

Your task related to this topic is to work out what the analogous“linear transport relation”should be for describing chemistry in the Onsager picture. You need to identify the “force,”the “flux,”and the “transport coefficient.”No need to worry about how chemistry would interact with other forces and/or fluxes, just an expression describing a chemical reaction itself as a “dissipative channel”that would represent a diagonal term in the matrix of Onsager transport relations (the off-diagonal terms would describecoupling between different forces and fluxeswhile the diagonal terms are all the traditional equations that came before Onsager). Correct answers will refer to single chemical reactions, bonus points if you can write the expression fora chemical reaction network with a generic number of reactions taking place inside it. There is one point that I need to notebefore you get started with this problem, however. The problem is almost as simple as just looking at the three equations relating flux and force, figuring out which state variables would be used for chemistry (hope that’s obvious but I gave the answer in the notes above if not) and then deciding whether you want to use a conductance or resistance coefficient and just “writing it down.”There is one complication you will need to puzzle out, however, which is probably also the reason that there isn’t a law of this sort already defined for chemical reactions. I’ll give you a hint: it has to do with themeaning of the statement chemistry teachers say“don’t confuse thermodynamics with kinetics,”which I told you really meant “don’t confuse a barrier height with a well depth,”but we could also say “don’t confuse equilibrium thermodynamics with kinetics.”OK, that’s the only complication that makes the answer to the question atall different than the other three equations and once you get it then you should be able to just write downthe answer.

Quinine, C20H24N2O2, occurs naturally in the bark of the cinchona tree and was the first effective treatment for malaria. It is a diprotic base with Kb values of (the acidic protons are shown in red) C20H24N2O2 + H2O HC20H24N2O2+ + OH- Kb2 = 1.0 × 10-6 HC20H24N2O2+ + H2O H2C20H24N2O22+ + OH- Kb1 = 1.58 × 10-10

a) The recommended IV dose of quinine is 0.800 g/kg, that is, 0.800 g of quinine per 1 kg of water. If we assume that the density of the solution is 1.00 g/mL, what is the pH of this solution? The molar mass of quinine is 324.412 g/mol. For simplicity, abbreviate C20H24N2O2 as Q.

b) 100 mL of the solution from part a is then titrated with a solution of 0.010 M HCl. How many mL of HCl solution is required to reach the first equivalence point?

c) What is the pH at the first equivalence point?

d) What is the pH when 32.00 mL of HCl has been added?

e) What is the pH at the second equivalence point?

f) Quantitatively draw the resulting titration curve on the axes below. Be sure to label both axes, equivalence points and buffer regions. Be as accurate as use can and make use of your results for parts a-e. g) The pH in the stomach is often quite low, between 2 and 3. What species of quinine is predominant at a pH of 2.5?

h) The pH of blood is buffered at 7.4. What species of quinine is predominant at this pH?