Question

What are lipooligosaccharides (LOS) and how does LOS cause Guillain-Barre syndrome or GBS?

Answer 1

ANSWER -

well, lipooligosaccharides are present on the walls of the bacteria , generally on the gram negative bacteria and thats too on the outer side of the bacterial cell membrane.

it is made of up of three components, 1) a polysaccharide chain which is hydrophilic in nature

2) a repeating o side chain specific to bacteria

3)and third one is hydrophobic section

GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME - in this , the bacteria attakcs the peripheral nervous system of the person, and makes the immune system of the person to attakc its own neuron cells and own brain cells, it also makes the neuron walls rupture which makes it difficult for signal transductiona nd improper functioning of the neural cell.

this happen because, liopopolysacharide acts as a ligand for TLR4 receptor , which start producing anti inflammatory cells of immune system which attacks the neurons present in the brain and also the peripheral nervous system. the basic thing which we should keep in mind is that the its the action of liopolysacharide which acts as ligand to the tlr4 receptor, which results into syndrome.