Question

1. How is Tuberculosis treated?

2. What is Cipro used to treat? What are the adverse effects? What are the contraindications? What are the medication interactions?

3. Which medication is the first choice in treating C-Difficile infection?

4. What are the adverse effects of amphoterocin B? What monitoring would need to be done while on this medication? How is an amphoterocin B infusion reaction treated?

Answer 1

1. Tuberculosis Treatment :-

Treatment isn't always required for those without symptoms. Patients with active symptoms will require a long course of treatment involving multiple antibiotics.Medications are the cornerstone of tuberculosis treatment. But treating TB takes much longer than treating other types of bacterial infections.
For active tuberculosis, you must take antibiotics for at least six to nine months. The exact drugs and length of treatment depend on your age, overall health, possible drug resistance and the infection's location in the body.Active tuberculosis, particularly if it's a drug-resistant strain, will require several drugs at once. The most common medications used to treat tuberculosis include:

Isoniazid
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Ethambutol (Myambutol)
Pyrazinamide
If you have drug-resistant TB, a combination of antibiotics called fluoroquinolones and injectable medications, such as amikacin or capreomycin (Capastat), are generally used for 20 to 30 months. Some types of TB are developing resistance to these medications as well.

Some drugs may be used as add-on therapy to the current drug-resistant combination treatment, including:

Bedaquiline (Sirturo)
Linezolid (Zyvox)

2.It is used to treat serious infections, or infections when other anitbiotics have not worked. It's used to treat bacterial infections, such as: chest infections (including pneumonia) skin and bone infections.This medication is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Ciprofloxacin belongs to a class of drugs called quinolone antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for virus infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Ciprofloxacin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:nausea.vomiting.stomach pain.heartburn.diarrhea.vaginal itching and/or discharge.pale skin.unusual tiredness.A drug interaction is a reaction between two (or more) drugs or between adrug and a food, beverage, or supplement. Taking adrug while having certain medical conditions can also cause a drug interaction. For example, taking a nasal decongestant if you have high blood pressure may cause an unwanted reaction.
3.The two most common drugs used to treat C. difficile are metronidazole (500 mg PO TID) and vancomycin (125 mg PO QID) for 10–14 days.

4.Common side effects may include:nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea;upset stomach, loss of appetite;muscle or joint pain;headache, ringing in your ears;pain, bruising, or swelling where the medicine was injected;weight loss; or.flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling).With intravenous injectionBlurred or double vision.convulsions (seizures)numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness in hands or feet.shortness of breath, troubled breathing, wheezing, or tightness in chest.skin rash or itching.sore throat and fever.unusual bleeding or bruising.LABORATORY TESTS. Renal function should be monitored frequentlyduring amphotericin Btherapy (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). It is also advisable to monitor on a regular basis liver function, serum electrolytes (particularly magnesium and potassium), blood counts, and hemoglobin concentrations.Amphotericin Bfor Injection should be administered by slow intravenous infusion. Intravenous infusionshould be given over a period of approximately 2 to 6 hours (depending on the dose) observing the usual precautions for intravenous therapy