Question

write essay about the different solution for the diabetes problem

please answer in your own words in 5 paragraphs

Answer 1

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by raised blood sugar level.Type 1 DM occurs when the antibodies are produced against pancreatic beta cells and destroys them causing insulin deficiency. Type 2 DM occurs when there is reduced insulin production or when the body is not responding to insulin. Both type 1 and type 2 DM leads to hyperglycemia. The main aim of management is to lower the blood glucose level.Solutions includes preventive measures, pharmacological and non pharmacological management(life style modification,diet,exercise,regular monitoring of blood glucose, follow up and prevention of complications).

Preventive measures includes maintaining an active and healthy life style, maintaining optimum body weight, people with family history of diabetes can undergo periodic screening. Avoiding the risk factors like smoking,alcoholism, cutting off the unnecessary sugar content in daily diet and adequate fluid intake can prevent the onset of DM. Regular exercise will help to utilize the excess carbohydrates and prevents hyperglycemia and obesity.

As per the severity of the condition the pharmacological management differs. Pharmacological treatment ranges from oral hypoglycemic agents to insulin injection. One should follow the drug intake either in tablet form or as injectables on a regular basis and in correct dosages. Over dosage and under dosage can generate life threatening complications. Patients need to be educated about importance of following the drug regimen as instructed. Techniques of self administration of insulin, sites for insulin injection, importance of rotating the sites of insulin injection may equip the client to perform proper home based care.

Non pharmacological management like maintaining an active life style reduces the risk of obesity,atherosclerosis and other associated health issues.Avoiding dietary sugar, reducing carbohydrate rich diet reduces the glucose production.Exercise helps in increased glucose uptake for energy production, reduces hyperglycemia,increases the cardiac output and keeps the body fit and healthy. Instruct the client to start with mild exercises and slowly increase the intensity, in order to avoid excessive strain on heart. Advice to start exercise always with warming up sessions.Also instruct to stop immediately if chest pain or breathlessness occurs during exercise and seek medical help.

Prevention of complications is of at most importance. It includes regular monitoring of blood glucose levels for prompt identification and management of complications like hypo or hyperglycemia. Interrupted drug intake and not following dietary restrictions strictly can lead to Diabetic Ketoacidosis that is a medical emergency.Educating the clients about the micro vascular and macro vascular complications may help to initiate protective measures. Regular inspection of foot for ulcers, proper foot care with protective foot wears, having the eye sight checked periodically, self monitoring of blood glucose level,screening for nephropathy by urine analysis will help in early identification of complications.