In CASCADE control, some systems will request that you select one of three different equations. a)...

In CASCADE control, some systems will request that you select one of three different equations.

a) Explain what is meant by EQUATION A, how it is represented graphically, and where it can be utilized.

b) Explain what is meant by EQUATION B, how it is represented graphically, and where it can be utilized.

c) Explain what is meant by EQUATION C, how it is represented graphically, and where it can be utilized.

Expert Solution

a) Equation A :

This is a general purpose calculation to be used if no special reason exists to use another type.

Equation type A is a must for secondary controllers. If eq-type C were to be used in a secondary controller, I-control would be the only control between the OP of the primary controller and the OP of the secondary controller. This would add an unnecessary phase lag of 90 for the primary controller's loop. The result could be an unnecessary destabilization of the primary loop of a cascade control system.

b) Equation B :

The principle considerations, how the control algorithms can work on PV only, are the same as explained for equation type C. Equation type B works as a PI-controller on error (ERR = PV- SP) and works as a D-controller on PV only.

Since eq-type B is in between eq-type A and eq-type C, it’s thus left to the discretion of the user to make decisions about the use of eq-type B. If, E.g : secondary controller needs D-control for stability of the secondary loop and the OP of a primary controller contains all the control actions required for the primary loop (including D-control), then the secondary controller may be best used with eq-type B. In such a case, the full control action of the primary controller is passed on to the OP of the secondary controller via control of the secondary.

c) Equation C :

Equation type C works as I-controller on error (ERR = PV - SP) and works as a PD-controller on PV only.

The mainly used as the ultimate primary controller. An operator cannot cause any sudden control actions that would result in sudden extreme positions of valves and other control equipment. This can only be fully appreciated if one has heard the noise created by the sudden hitting of an extreme valve position of a large valve. It can be felt in almost the whole plant as a big bang. This is most decidedly not good for maximizing the life of a valve.

Manojponduru answered 1 year ago

Many important endocrine control systems are arranged in a cascade of multiple steps. a) Please briefly...

Many important endocrine control systems are arranged in a cascade of multiple steps. a) Please briefly describe the spatial arrangement of the cascades in the human body in general terms. b) Why do you think it is organized this way and not in a faster, one-step way?

Many important endocrine control systems are arranged in a cascade of multiple steps. a) Please describe...

Many important endocrine control systems are arranged in a cascade of multiple steps. a) Please describe the spatial arrangement of the cascades in the human body. b) Why do you think it is organized this way and not in a faster, one-step way? *****Please leave an detail description

There are three buffer systems that control the pH of body fluids. One of the buffer...

There are three buffer systems that control the pH of body fluids. One of the buffer systems depeneds on proteins acting as either proton acceptors or proton donors at different pH values. What are the other two biological systems? Explain the way they work.

In this lesson, you are learning about systems of equations and three methods for solving them:...

In this lesson, you are learning about systems of equations and three methods for solving them: graphing, substitution, and addition. Compare and contrast the three methods by discussing the following: Is one method easier than the others for all systems, or does it depend on the system? If it depends on the system, how could you tell before you begin solving the system which solution method would be the most efficient? How is it possible to tell by inspection (look...

For irrigation of three different fields in a farm, three engine pump systems, one MP1, MP2...

For irrigation of three different fields in a farm, three engine pump systems, one MP1, MP2 and MP3, were installed in each field. The crops planted in the fields need different irrigation times and quantities. To achieve this, motor pumps are logic respectively. It is operated as follows. (MP1=0, MP2=0, MP3=0) , (MP1=1, MP2=0, MP3=0) , (MP1=1, MP2=0, MP3=1) , (MP1=0, MP2=1, MP3=0) , (MP1=0, MP2=1, MP3=1) , (MP1=0, MP2=0, MP3=1) ve (MP1=0, MP2=0, MP3=0) Status cycle is completed with. Answer...

Identify and explain three types of control and the components common to all control systems.

Select one of the five COSO internal control components, Develop one control process that could be...

Select one of the five COSO internal control components, Develop one control process that could be associated with the COSO control component you selected., Write 2 control activities related to the control process you developed., Describe how each of these two control activities could be tested.

Identify and describe three automatic control systems in a modern automobile (besides criuse control)

1) How does our body control activation/ deactivation of some digestive enzymes? Select one: a. Changing...

1) How does our body control activation/ deactivation of some digestive enzymes? Select one: a. Changing the body temperature b. pH c. Changing the shape of the protein d. feedback inhibition e. None of the above

Some argue that the traditional role of managers and bureaucratic control systems are in conflict with...

Some argue that the traditional role of managers and bureaucratic control systems are in conflict with the principles and processes of self-management and self-designing teams. It has been suggested that managers need to change to be more like coaches in order for such agile teams to be effective. Attack or defend this idea and support your position.

Question