Question

Interview someone with a history of cardiac issue (i.e. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, CHF, myocardial infarction, etc.).

1. How long has the client had the issue(s)? Briefly explain the cardiac issue.
2. Is there a family history of cardiac issues?
3. What medications are being taken to address the issue? (List name, dosage, and frequency of medications related to the cardiac condition ONLY).
4. How is the cardiac condition being managed?
5. Discuss any education you provided to the client regarding his or her treatment plan. (2 key points)

Answer 1

High blood pressure ( hypertension )

The client is having hypertension since 5 year.

High blood pressure or hypertension is defined as a condition in which the force of blood against the artery wall is too high. Hypertension is defined as blood pressure above 140 / 90 mmHg. Blood pressure is determined by both the amount of blood pumped by the heart and the amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. High blood pressure often has bo symptoms. Over time, if untreated , it can cause serious health conditions such as heart disease and stroke.

The most common cause of hypertension include smoking , obesity , diabetes, having a sedentary lifestyle , lack of physical activity, high salt intake ,alcoholism , insufficient intake of calcuim , pottasium ,magnesium , a deficiency in vitamin D ,stress ,aging ,chronic kidney disease and so on.

The symptoms of severe hypertension include severe headache, nosebleed,fatigue or confusion, vision problem,chest pain, breathing difficulty, irregular heart beat , and blood in urine.

Hypertension is classified into various categories : normal , prehypertension ( mild) , stage 1 ( moderate) ,stage 2 ( severe).

Eating a healthier diet with less salt ,regular exercise and taking regular medication can lower the blood pressure.

The client doesnt have any family history of cardiac issues .

MEDICATIONS

1. Furosemide - 20 mg/ day - usually once in a day

2. Prazosin ( minipress) - 5 mg / day - usually 2 times a day

3.amlodipine -10 mg  / day - twice in a day

4. Telmisartan -40 mg  / day -once in a day

Managememt

* eat a heart healthy diet with less salt intake

* maintain a healthy weight

* increase the physical activity

* limit alcohol

* quit smoking

* manage stress

* monitor blood pressure at home

* practice yoga, or slow, deep breathing

* take regular medications

EDUCATION

1)DASH DIET

Educated to follow DASH ( dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet. The diet is simple,eat more fruits, vegetables and low fat diary products.cut back on foods that are high in saturated fats, cholestrol and trans fat. Eat more whole grain foods, fish,poultry and nuts. Limit sodium, sweet,sugary drinks, and red meats.

DASH diet suggests:

Grains : 7- 8 servings daily

Vegetables : 4- 5 daily servings

Fruits: 4 - 5 daily servings

Low fat or fat free diary products : 2-3 daily servings

Meat, poultry,and fish : 2 or less daily servings

Nuts, seed and dry beans: 4- 5 servings per week

Fat and oils: 2- 3 servings daily

Sweet : less than 5 servings per week.

2) take medicines properly

If side effect or cost pose problem, dont stop taking the medication ,ask the docter about various other alternatives.

3) adopt healthy habits and manage stress.

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