In: Biology
Describe the different forms of chemical reactions and factors which affect chemical reactions citing specific examples from the human body.
Forms of chemical reaction
1)Combination reaction:- In this type of reaction Two or more compounds combine to form one compound.
eg:-hydrogen and chlorine react to form hydrochloric acid
2) Decomposition reaction:- This reaction is opposite of a combination reaction in which a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler molecules
eg:-starch decomposes in to sugar in the body and proteins get decomposed into smaller substances called amino acids.
3) Precipitation reaction:- In this type of reaction two solutions of soluble salts are mixed which results in an insoluble solid (precipitate) forming.
eg:-reaction between antigens and antibodies is a precipitation reaction in human body.
4)Neutralization reaction :- In this type of reaction An acid and a base react with each other. and product of this reaction is a salt and water.
eg:-whenever an acid or a base is added to the blood, it reacts with either the carbonic acid or the bicarbonate, just as other neutralization reaction involving an acid and a base.
5) Combustion reaction:- In this type of reaction Oxygen combines with a compound to form carbon dioxide and water.they give off heat i.e exothermic reaction.
eg:-During cellular metabolism, the molecule glucose combines with oxygen and reacts to form carbon dioxide and water, as well as ATP.
6)Displacement reaction :- In this type of reaction one element takes place with another element in the compound.
eg:-Reaction of iron nails with copper sulphate solution.
Factors affecting chemical reaction
->Reactant concentration:- with Increase in the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction.
->Physical state of the reactants and surface area:- the rate of reaction depends on the medium in which reaction occurs.
->Temperature of the reactants :-an increase in temperature is lead to an increase in the reaction rate. Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of a system, so higher th temperature , higher the average kinetic energy of molecules and more collisions per unit time
-> Presence of a catalyst.:-lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction and increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being self used in the reaction .
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