Question

I. Read the following hypotheses and identify the dependent, independent and population variables under study.

1. There is a relationship between auditory and tactile stimulation and heart rate response in premature infants.

Independent:
Dependent:
Population:

2. Young adolescent girls are better informed about the risks of sexually transmitted diseases than young adolescent girls.

Independent:
Dependent:
Population:

3. Patients who receive a copy of the Patient Bill of Rights will ask more about their treatment and diagnosis than those who do not receive the document.

Independent:
Dependent:
Population:

4. Leg amputee patients who practice the prone position will develop fewer contractures than leg amputee patients who do not rest in the prone position.

Independent:
Dependent:
Population:

5. Nursing students who are exposed to experiences with dying patients during their study years exhibit less anxiety in the management of terminal patients when working as professionals.

Independent:
Dependent:
Population:

II. Indicate which of the following hypotheses is one of type: statistical / investigative; and if it is directional / non-directional.

1. Widows with children under 19 years of age will experience more social dysfunction in their mourning process than those who have children over 19 years of age when they are widowed.

a.
b.

2. Parents who communicate with their children from the conception process exhibit greater attachment and fewer problems when they go through the adolescent period.

a.
b.

3. There is no significant relationship between blood alkaline phosphatase levels and the development of pressure ulcers in comatose patients.

a.
b.

4. There is a linear relationship between alcohol use in college students and their level of self-esteem.

a.
b.

5. There is no curvilinear relationship between breastfeeding and the newborn's attachment to its mother.

a.
b.

Answer 1

1, Independent
Independent variables are a cause. dependent variables depend on the independent variables.
it includes the type of treatment, treatment factors, and experimental manipulations. The relationship between auditory and tactile stimulation and infant heart rate response in premature infants
ensures independent variables that explain the response variables.
2,population
young adolescents girls include age and gender that make awareness and knowledge improvement for
STD is a key demographic variable help promote informed, healthy choices among young girls.
3, population
Many variables like patient socio-economic demographic factors dependent on the compliance and co-operation of patients themselves. patient-related factors like age, gender, education, social class, and health status and variables help the doctor to communicate better
and it helps to adjust the treatment choices.
4, Independent
It is an experiment that compares an experimental treatment with a control treatment. The type of treatment used for research studies causes independent variables.