Question

High and low symptoms: potassium, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, sodium ?

Answer 1

Potassium

Higher level of potassium in blood(more than 6meq/L) is called hyperkalemia. Cardiac conduction abnormalities, cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and paralysis.Ascending muscle weakness is a manifestation of hyperkalemia that can progress to flaccid paralysis that is comparable to Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Hypokalemia, :decrease level of pottassium in the blood, that is below 3meq/L. These symptoms may include cardiac arrhythmias and electrocardiogram abnormalities such as ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, paroxysmal atrial or junctional tachycardia, premature atrial and ventricular beats, sinus bradycardia, and atrioventricular block.4 Characteristic ECG changes, muscle weakness and rhabdomyolysis, as well as renal abnormalities: impaired concentrating ability, increased ammonia production, increased bicarbonate reabsorption, altered sodium reabsorption, hypokalemic nephropathy, and elevated blood pressure.

Calcium

Hyper calcemia:increased level of calcium in blood. Symptoms include

Poor feeding

-Vomiting

-Constipation

-Abdominal Pain

-Hypertension

-Altered mental status

-psychosis

Hypotonia

-Hyporeflexia

-Paresis

Hypocalcemia refers to decrease level of calcium in blood. Symptoms include

Fatigue

-Cramping

-Weakness

-Paresthesias, especially in the perioral area and distal extremities

-Myoclonic jerks

Laryngospasm and stridor

-Tetany

-Altered mental status

-Apnea

-Seizures

-Hypotension

Phosphate

Hyperphosphatemia symptoms includes

muscle cramps or spasms.
numbness and tingling around the mouth.
bone and joint pain.
weak bones.
rash.
itchy skin.

Hypo phosphatemia symptoms includes

anxiety.
fatigue.
irregular breathing.
irritability.
joint stiffness.
numbness.
weakness.
changes in body weight.

Magnesium

Hypermagnesemia

nausea.
vomiting.
neurological impairment.
abnormally low blood pressure (hypotension)
flushing.
headache.

Hypo magnesemia

Abnormal eye movements (nystagmus)
Convulsions.
Fatigue.
Muscle spasms or cramps.
Muscle weakness.
Numbness.

Cardiac arrhythmias

Sodium

Hyper natremia:increased sodium level

The main symptom of hypernatremia is excessive thirst. Other symptoms are lethargy, which is extreme fatigue and lack of energy, and possibly confusion.Advanced cases may also cause muscle twitching or spasms. That’s because sodium is important for how muscles and nerves work. With severe elevations of sodium, seizures and coma may occur.

Hyponatremia

Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Confusion
Loss of energy, drowsiness and fatigue
Restlessness and irritability
Muscle weakness, spasms or cramps
Seizures
Coma