Question

ase 2

Steve is a member of the West Coast Eagles football team. During practice, he suffered a high impact collided with a team-mate and injured the anterior compartment of his thigh. As a result of the collision, his quadriceps femoris muscle were compressed against the femur, resulting in quadriceps contusion or ‘cork thigh’.

1. Describe the gross anatomy of the [muscles, their attachments and actions and nerve supply] of the quadriceps [anterior] compartment of the thigh.

2. Explain what happens to the muscle compartment following such injuries. [3 marks]

3. Explain the signs and symptoms of such an injury.

4. If severe or left untreated left untreated, this type of injury can result in compartment syndrome. Explain what is meant by compartment syndrome and outline the consequences of this condition.

5. In severe injuries of this type, a condition known as myositis ossificans can occur. Explain the processes involved in the development of this condition, and the resulting consequences if left untreated.

6. using the APA 7 style of referencing. Start your list of end-text references on a new page. The list of references should be left aligned. Use a hanging indent for each reference and follow APA style format for all reference

Answer 1

1. Describe the gross anatomy of the [muscles, their attachments and actions and nerve supply] of the quadriceps [anterior] compartment of the thigh.

Muscles which compose anterior compartment are:

• Sartorius muscle - the longest muscle in the body
• Pectineus
• Group of quadriceps femoris which includes rectus femoris muscle
• Vasti muscles which has vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis.
• Iliopsoas also considered as one of the anterior compartment muscles.

Lateral intermuscular septum and medial intermuscular septum seperates anterior compartment from posterior compartment and from the medial compartment respectively.

The nerve which innervtates the anterior compartment of thigh is the femoral nerve L2-L4).  

These muscles act to extend the leg at the knee joint.

2. Explain what happens to the muscle compartment following such injuries.  Explain the signs and symptoms of such an injury. If severe or left untreated left untreated, this type of injury can result in compartment syndrome. Explain what is meant by compartment syndrome and outline the consequences of this condition.

The elevated pressure inside an enclosed muscle space which results from bleeding or swelling after an injury leads to condition called compartment syndrome. The blow of blood to the affected tissues is impeded by abnormal high pressure of compartment syndrome which is due to the accumulation of fluid in the compartment. The pressure of the compartment rises since the tough walls of fascia cannot easily expand. Symptoms of comaprtment symptoms include:

• Severe pain.
• Paraesthesia or reduced sensation
• Paralysis
• Pallor.
• Poor pulses.
• Inability to move.
• Numbness.
• Formation of pale color of the affected limb.

If compartment syndrome is left untreated, can leads to emergency surgery to prevent permanent injury. Loss of muscle action and nerves function due to critical source of nutrients and oxygen eventually leads to functional loss and even amputation. Severe more complications include infection, nerve damage, kidney failure and death.

In severe injuries of this type, a condition known as myositis ossificans can occur. Explain the processes involved in the development of this condition, and the resulting consequences if left untreated.

Traumic injury to the particular area of muscles several times or as a result of an acute deep-muscle bruise, sometimes, may cause the formation of bone tissue inside muscle tissue, a condition called myositis ossificans. The heterotropic ossification of large muscles charecterizes the process of myositis ossificans. It is the skeletal "not to touch" lesions.

If left untreated, it might cause severe pathological condition and poor motion which makes difficult to do daily activities.