Question

What type of assay format is best used to quantitate immunoglobulins, complement and acute phase proteins?

Immunology related

Answer 1

Quantitative immunoglobulin test used to measure the amount of antibodies called immunoglobulin in our body. Immune system makes antibody to fight against bacteria, virus, and other invaders that could harm your health. Human body consist variety of immunoglobulins and they are IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE.

• IgM found in blood
• IgG found in blood and tissues
• IgA found high levels in fluid mucus membrane make such as saliva. tears and nasal secretions.

Acute phase proteins are mainly 2 types.

1.positive Apps(plasma concentration increases in response to the stimuli)

2.Negative Apps(plasma concentration decreases in response to the stimuli).

Quantitative immunoglobulin test are done in clients suspected with immunoglobulin deficiency. The varied reaction of the host to infection, inflammation or trauma are collectively known as acute phase proteins and encompasses wide range of pathophysiological response such as pyrexia, leucocytosis hormone alterations and muscle depletion. CRP used mainly as a marker of inflammation and infection. Viral infection give low CRP than bacterial infection. Various analytical methods are used to measure in CRP. Such as

• Enzyme linked immunozorbent assay (ELISA).
• Immunoturbidimetry
• Rapid immunodiffusion
• Visual agglutination.

1. ELISA is a plate based assay technique designed for detecting and quantifying soluble substances such as peptides,proteins antibodies.

2.Immunoturbidimetry is important tool in the broad diagnostic field of clinical chemistry. It is used to determine serum proteins not detectable with classical clinical methods.

3.Rapid immunodiffusion is single radical immunodiffusion assay is a immunodiffusion technique used in immunology to determine quantity and concentration of antigen in a sample.

4. Visual agglutination _ The reaction between particular antigen and antibody result in visible clumping called agglutination .

So these are the effective methods to test Acute phase proteins.