Question

Research question: What is the impact of an electronic cigarette smoking ban? 1) begin with an introductory paragraph describing the research question, explicitly stating the independent and dependent variables in the research question, and purpose of the literature review, 2) the body of the literature review should include one paragraph summarizing and critiquing each on the following: sampling methods, methodological approaches, data collection, measures, and analytical techniques, 3) a conclusion paragraph should summarize study results from the articles and summarize a critique of the methods of research as reported in the body of the paper.

Answer 1

What are e-cigarettes and the way do they work-

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or non-combustible tobacco products are known by many names — vapes, e-hookahs, electronic cigarettes and e-pipes. E-cigarettes could also be manufactured to appear like traditional cigarettes and are marketed as tobacco-free nicotine delivery devices.

Rather than burning tobacco leaves like in traditional cigarettes, an e-cigarette, which may be a battery-operated device, produces aerosol by heating an answer containing nicotine among other things. The device contains nicotine and flavours within the kind of liquid which is primarily composed of solvents like glycerol and/or humectant. The aerosol containing a suspension of fine particles and gases simulates cigarette smoke. Following a puff, the aerosol is delivered to the user’s mouth and lungs and also the rest is exhaled.

What are the effects-

Unlike smoking, the adverse health effects of e-cigarettes aren't yet known. But like traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes too deliver ultrafine particles and nicotine deep into the lungs, which is then absorbed by the blood. A 2018 study found the utilization of e-cigarette daily was related to a 79% increase in attack risk after other variables were taken under consideration.

According to a study on e-cigarettes by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), reckoning on the battery output voltage used, nicotine solvents can release in varying amounts potential carcinogens like acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acetone. The liquid-vapourising solutions also contain “toxic chemicals and metals that may cause several adverse health effects including cancers and diseases of the guts, lungs and brain”. The ICMR report says: At the population-level the “adverse health impact will outweigh any presumed benefit to individual cigarette smokers”.

Flavours like diacetyl employed in e-cigarettes are linked to serious lung disease. E-cigarettes also contain volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, like nickel, tin and lead.

Other health risks of vaping-

The recent tragic and alarming cases of severe lung disease are clearly cause for concern. variety of other health effects also are worrisome:

Nicotine is extremely addictive and might affect the developing brain, potentially harming teens and young adults. Even some “nicotine-free” e-cigarettes are found to contain nicotine.

Some substances found in e-cigarette vapor are linked to an increased risk of cancer.

Teens who vape are more likely to start smoking cigarettes. Explosions and burns are reported with e-cigarettes while recharging the devices, thanks to defective batteries.

Accidental exposure to liquid from e-cigarettes has caused acute intoxication in children and adults. Vaping during pregnancy could harm a developing fetus.

Summary-

Perhaps vaping should be viewed as a “lesser of evils” for current cigarette smokers. Still, it’s clear that there's lots about vaping we don’t know. a way we’ll learn more is by people reporting possible vaping-related health problems to the FDA — you can let them know if you’ve had such problems.

Until we all know more, moot about vaping. Federal and state authorities recommend avoiding all vaping until more is understood. If you are doing arrange to vape, avoid e-cigarettes bought “off the street” and continue name e-cigarette products without modification (such as adding marijuana or other drugs).

These cases of severe lung disease among those that vape raise important questions on the security of vaping. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised that lung problems might develop in those that vape: our lungs were meant to inhale clean air and zilch else. It took a few years to acknowledge the damage cigarettes can cause. We may be on the same path with vaping.