Question

Describe 3 important pathogen that can cause congenital infections and explain the importance of laboratory test for diagnosis

Answer 1

1.Rubella:

• Rubella virus may spread from mother to fetus, if the mother contracts the disease during pregnancy.
• This is referred to as congenital Rubella infection (CRI), which may lead to abortion, still birth, teratogenic condition, and other complications in the fetus.
• Hemagglutination test is thus required to be conducted in pregnant women to prevent CRI conditions.

2. AIDS

• HIV is Human immune deficiency virus.
• HIV causes AIDS or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
• AIDS is a type of immunodeficiency disorder and is sexually transmitted. AIDS may be sexually transmitted from mother to child as congenital disease.

3. CMV:

• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes milder infections in healthy adult.
• Mey cause problem in immunocompromised people.
• The infection may be vertically transmitted from mother to child.

Importance of laboratory diagnosis:

• Early confirmation about the pateint condition help to iniate early treatment of the disease.
• This may also help in early start of the medications, detecting interactions and side effects of drugs, hypersensitivity analysis).
• PRognosis pf the disease and confirmation regarding the cause of the disease, like pathogenic organism, may be determined by using specif laboratory tests.