Question

A new study compares the effectiveness of a new pain medication to an existing pain medication and placebo. Which of the following best represents the dependent variable and the independent variable for this study?

1. 1. The dependent variable is the type of medication dispensed to the patient and the independent variable is the dosage of the medication dispensed to the patient.
   2. The dependent variable is a measure of pain experienced by the patient and the independent variable is a measure of side effects experienced by the patient.
   3. The dependent variable is a measure of pain experienced by the patient and the independent variable is the type of medication dispensed to the patient.
   4. The dependent variable is the type of medication dispensed to the patient and the independent variable is a measure of side effects experienced by the patient.

2. . When a researcher tried to test the association between the number of hours that a student studied with the percent grade that he/she obtained, Pearson Correlation Coefficient was calculated to be 0.82 (p = 0.001). Which of the following is the correct description of the relationship between study time and grades?

3. 1. As the amount of study time increased, the grades decreased.
   2. There is a negative relationship between study time and grades.
   3. There is a perfect positive relationship between study time and grades.
   4. As the amount of study time increased, the grades increased.

Answer 1

Solution :

1) The dependent variable and independent variables for the study best represents by the option (c), which is given as follows :

The dependent variable is a measure of pain experienced by the patient and the independent variable is the type of medication dispensed to the patient.

2) The correlation coefficient between study time of students and grade of students is 0.82. The correlation coefficient is positive and the positive correlation coefficient is interpreted as follows :

As the value of the independent variable increases, the value of dependent variable also increases.

For the given scenario, study time of students is independent variable and grade of students is dependent variable.

Hence, the correct description of the relationship between study time and grades would be as follows :

As the amount of study time increased, the grades increased.

Option (d) is correct.

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