Question

14. List and describe the ways that human kind has tried to control flooding. How sucsseful are these measures in short term time frames ( tens of years) and the long term (100s of years)?

15. What are the three types of heat transfer that can occur during a fire. Explain how each of them work.

Answer 1

Answer:-(14)-Some methods of flood control have been practiced since ancient times. These methods include planting vegetation to retain extra water, terracing hillsides to slow flow downhill, and the construction of floodways (man-made channels to divert floodwater). Other techniques include the construction of levees, dikes, dams, reservoirs or retention ponds to hold extra water during times of flooding.In many countries, rivers prone to floods are often carefully managed. Defences such as levees, bunds, reservoirs, and weirs are used to prevent rivers from bursting their banks. When these defences fail, emergency measures such as sandbags or portable inflatable tubes are used. Coastal flooding has been addressed in Europe and the Americas with coastal defences, such as sea walls, beach nourishment, and barrier islands.A dike is another method of flood protection. A dike lowers the risk of having floods compared to other methods. It can help prevent damage; however it is better to combine dikes with other flood control methods to reduce the risk of a collapsed dike.A weir, also known as a lowhead dam, is most often used to create millponds, but on the Humber River in Toronto, a weir was built near Raymore Drive to prevent a recurrence of the flooding caused by Hurricane Hazel in 1954, which destroyed nearly two fifths of the street.

Answer(15):-A fire spreads by transferring heat energy in three ways:  Radiation, Convection, and Conduction.

RADIATION:- Radiation refers to the emission of energy in rays or waves.heat moves through space as energy.it is the type of heat one feels when Sitting in front of fireplace.

CONVECTION:- Convection is the transfer of heat by the physical movement of hot masses of air. As air is heated the air is expanded,it becomes lighter Then the surrounding air and it rises.

CONDUCTION:- Conduction is the transfer of heat within the material itself.most metal are Good heat conducter.wood is very poor conductor so it transmits heat very slowly.

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