Question

Please list two kind of information that operating system must know to manage and control a process

Answer 1

Process:

A process is not only a program under execution but it is the active state of the program when it is executing and it has its own Process Control Block.

A process requires other resources like memory, CPU, hard disk, and Input/Output, etc.

A process has five states as given below:

1. New
2. Ready
3. Running or Executing
4. Waiting or blocked
5. Terminated

Process Control Block:

The process control block is a data structure used by the operating system which contains the information which stores the scheduling information of a process. It stores the entire information about a process.

The operating system must know the process id and PCB(Process Control Block) associated with that process to manage and control the process.

The process id is a unique identifier that is used to identify a process.

The PCB store the process state and according to this state the operating system maintains the process queue for scheduling purpose.