Question

This term we have studied the Cardiovascular and the Lymphatic system. For your written assignment this week list the major body systems for these 2 systems. Describe the normal function of each of these and where they anatomically lie in the body. Describe common pathology, including signs, systems and what may cause these diseases or conditions? Lastly what diagnostics are there to identify these diseases, or conditions, and what treatments are currently available.

Answer 1

Q-This term we have studied the Cardiovascular and the Lymphatic system. For your written assignment this week list the major body systems for these 2 systems. Describe the normal function of each of these and where they anatomically lie in the body. Describe common pathology, including signs, systems and what may cause these diseases or conditions? Lastly what diagnostics are there to identify these diseases, or conditions, and what treatments are currently available.

Ans-

CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM-It is also known as circulatory system ,its main function is circulating the blood,nutrients,oxygen to all parts of the body.The major organs like Heart,Arteries,Veins,Lungs,Blood vessels together forms the cardiovascular system.

Functions -Each organ of this system have certain functions in circulation-Heart helps to pump the blood for all parts of body,Arteries carries the oxygenated blood from heart to all parts of the body and the veins collects the deoxygenated blood from all parts of body to heart,the pair of lungs helps in purification of deoxygenated blood.

Anatomical position-A pair of lungs located in the thoracic region ,covers by rib cage and the heart located in between them.The arteries ,veins and vessels spreads all over the body and connects them to other organs to the heart.

Pathology - Diseases of cardiovascular systems include Heart attacks,Hypertension,Strokes,Diseases related to heart rhythm,diseases of blood vessels,conditions related to blood composition and flow.

Signs & Symptoms -Chest pain,difficulty in breathing,faintness,heart beat increased,fatigue or weakness etc,

Causes-Hypertension,Family history,Habit of smoking and alcohol,High cholestrol levels,Obesity

Diagnosis-Blood tests,chest x-ray,ECG-Electrocardiogram,Angiogram,Blood pressure monitoring,MRI.

Treatment-Medication and surgeries like implanting stunts,pacemakers,bipass surgery,Changes in life style.

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM -

It is also known as lymphoid system which consists of network of Lymph vessels,tissues and lymph organs.

Functions-

Maintain body fluids and remove the excess fluids from the body,production of lymph cells by lymph nodes,Produces the immune cells which helps in protecting from the illness causing organisms.

Anatomical position-

Lymph vessels travels along side with the blood vessels to all parts of the body.

Lymph organs -Bone marrow,Thymus-Located in Anterior upper part of throat,Spleen-Located in left side of the stomach,Tonsils-Located in throat,Lymph nodes-Along the lymphatic vessels.

Pathology-

Lymphocytosis-condition in which lymphocyte count will increase.

Lymphedema-Excess production of lymph in tissue.

Lymphangitis-Inflammation of Lymph vessels.

Lymphadenitis-Inflammation of Lymph nodes

Hodgkings and Non-hodgkings lymphoma.

Causes-

Infections,cancers,Surgery-removal or injury to lymph vessels or nodes lead to lymphadema,Radiation treatment for cancer can cause damage to lymph nodes and vessels.

Signs & Symptoms -

Swelling,Pain,leaking of fluid into tissues,skin changes,skin discolouration,infection,Thickness of skin.

Diagnosis-

X;Ray of lymphatic system,CT scan,MRI scan,Ultrasound

Treatment-

Medication,excercises,massage,wrapping up of affected arms or legs,stretching therapies,surgery-complete decongestive theraphy