Question

A. Please list and describe the FIVE neurotransmitters, according to this template:

Neurotransmitter #: ___________________________________

Description: _________________________________

B.Fill in the Blank

Please identify two neurotransmitters that are involved in both learning and memory.
Neurotransmitter 1: __________________________

Neurotransmitter 2: __________________________

Answer 1

A.Neurotransmiters and their description:-

1.Acetyl choline- This neurotransmitter was first discovered in the human body. Acetylcholine is unique because it directly affects muscles.

Acetylcholine works at the neuro-muscular junction. That’s the point where nervous system and muscles meet. When acetylcholine is released from neurons, receptor proteins on muscle fibers take hold of it. Then the presence of acetylcholine triggers an action potential or command in the muscle fiber. But instead of sending signals to a brain cell, acetylcholine makes muscle contract.

2.Glutamate-it is an excitatory neurotransmitter.It’s present in 90 percent of synapses, acting as the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

It only takes a small amount of glutamate to excite neighbor brain cells. When neurons are working properly, all the glutamate released by the cell is picked back up by glutamate transporter molecules. This ensures levels of glutamate remain low in the synapse.

3.GABA(gamma amino butyric acid)-GABA is a main inhibitory neurotransmitter. It reduces the activity in the central nervous system and blocks certain signals from brain.

Without GABA, brain would be “on” all the time. You need GABA to produce a calming effect that slows you down. It lowers heart rate and blood pressure. GABA helps to relax and fall asleep. The normal stresses of life respond well to GABA.

4.Dopamine-The most thrilling neurotransmitter has to be dopamine. That’s because it plays a major role in your brain’s reward system.

Dopamine floods the synapse between neurons when something rewarding happens. It’s responsible for that rush of joy when you accomplish a goal or succeed at a task. Dopamine perks your brain up and brings feelings of pleasure.

5.Adrenaline-it also called epinephrine. This neurotransmitter is responsible for your body’s fight or flight response.

Adrenaline is produced by adrenal glands located above your kidneys. But the chemical messenger works throughout the central nervous system to ramp up your heart rate and bring oxygen to your muscles quickly.

B.neurotransmitter helps in learning and memory.

1)Glutamate-Neuroplasticity also relies on glutamate. That’s because your brain uses glutamate to build pathways between neurons that reinforce your memory and help you learn.

2.Acetyl choline-Brain’s learning and memory functions are also impacted by this important neurotransmitter.