Question

What is the purpose of the neuro as it relates to neurotransmitters? What neurotransmitter would be involved in someone is depressed? What is endocrinology and how does it relate to neuroscience? How does stress impact both systems? Give two examples. For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac).

Answer 1

The term ‘neuro’ in neurotransmitter indicates the involvement of the neurons or the nerve cells. Thus neurotransmitter are chemical agents which help in the transmission of the nerve impuls from one neuron to another in the central and the peripheral nervous systems. The release of neurotransmitter within the cell triggers or inhibits conduction of the nerve impulse and is thus said to have an inhibitory or a stimulating effect on the neurons. for instance, in the case of depression,there is an excess of the neurotransmitter dopamine which has an inhibitory function thereby producing motor responses such as low mood, low energy, low motivation to take initiative, reduced appetite, difficulty in concentration, etc. neurotransmitters are on their part controlled by certain hormones which are secr3td in the endocrine glands. Thus endocrinology has significant implications for understanding behaviour in neuroscience. For instance, the release of epinephrine by the corticosteroids in the adrenal gland prepares the body to respond to a stressful stimuli. epinephrine and norepinephrine operate as stimulating neurotransmitters which are released in greater amount in the neurons during stress. The increase hit heart rate, rate of breathing, and motor response sof the body and thus both the endocrine gland and the neurotransmitters work together under the impact of stress.